Cold water immersion and recovery from strenuous exercise: a meta-analysis

Leeder, Jonathan; Gissane, Conor; Someren, Ken A. van; Gregson, Warren; Howatson, Glyn

doi:10.1136/bjsports-2011-090061

Cited by 250 publications

(302 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In the present study, CWI intervention did not decrease the magnitude of muscle soreness after the match (24h post-intervention) when compared to the passive recovery (C). In agreement with the findings of the present study, Jakeman et al 21 also showed that a single bout of CWI (10 min at 10 o C) following a damaging exercise (10 sets of 10 counter--movement jumps) has no beneficial effect on perceived muscle soreness during recovery (1,24,48,72, and 96h after the exercise). Yanagisawa et al 22 also did not observe a positive effect of CWI (15 min However, other investigations showed that CWI attenuates muscle soreness 4,5 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…This intentional reduction of inflammation might be related to attenuation of DOMS 1 . Regarding to the effect of CWI on physical performance the results are also diverse and inconsistent 1,2 . The results of the present study indicated that CWI may impact negatively in anaerobic performance assessed immediately after the intervention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yanagisawa et al 22 also did not observe a positive effect of CWI (15 min However, other investigations showed that CWI attenuates muscle soreness 4,5 . The recent meta-analyses conducted by Leeder et al 1 and Bleakley et al 2 showed that CWI is effective to alleviating muscle sore-ness after damaging exercise between 24h up to 96 h of its application. One mechanism that has been proposed to explain the attenuation of muscle soreness is that CWI causes reduction in muscle blood flow and tissue temperature, lowering the inflammation induced by high-intensity damaging exercise.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies confirm the high physiological demands of Futsal matches 10,11,20 . Nowadays many athletes and coaches habitually use CWI after intense training sessions or competitive matches expecting that this intervention will accelerate recovery 1,2 . To date, only one study has investigated recovery procedures in Futsal players 19 , but the sample were composed by young players, members of college Futsal teams.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, cold-water immersion (CWI) has emerged as one of the most popular interventions to accelerate recovery after exercise 1,2 . However, there is limited data regarding the effectiveness of this intervention in sport-specific settings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Imersão em água fria não acelerou a recuperação após uma partida de futsal

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et al. 2015

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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Introduction: cold-water immersion (CWI) is a popular recovery strategy; however, there is limited evidence of the effectiveness of this method in sport settings. Objective: to investigate the effect of CWI on muscle soreness and anaerobic performance after a Futsal match. Methods: ten players performed two simulated matches followed by two randomized recovery conditions (CWI or passive rest -C), separated for seven days. During the recovery interventions, the players remained seated in a comfortable position (C) or were immersed in a pool with cold water (CWI condition; 15±1ºC) for 12 minutes. Muscle soreness assessment, counter movement jump (CMJ) test, repeated jump ability (RJA) test, and repeated sprint running test (rRST) were conducted prior to the match (Pre), immediately after the recovery intervention (P1) and 24h after the recovery intervention (P2). Results: a significant increase in muscle soreness after the Futsal match was observed for both interventions (C and CWI) during all time points (P1 and P2, p<0.05); however, no significant difference was detected between CWI and C interventions (p>0.05). There was a significant decrease in anaerobic performance (CMJ, RJA and rRST) immediately after the CWI intervention when compared to C (P1, p<0.05). No significant difference in anaerobic performance was detected between the two conditions at P2 (CWI and C; p>0.05). Conclusion: the CWI did not improve recovery related to muscle soreness and anaerobic performance of Futsal players.

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