Colon microbiota fermentation of dietary prebiotics towards short-chain fatty acids and their roles as anti-inflammatory and antitumour agents: A review

Fernández, Javier; Redondo-Blanco, Saúl; Gutiérrez-del-Río, Ignacio; Miguélez, Elisa M.; Villar, Claudio J.

doi:10.1016/j.jff.2016.06.032

Cited by 293 publications

(207 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…For example, Corynebacterium parvum could induce chronic inflammation through the over-production of NO in mouse liver, and lead to hepatic necrosis and death if followed by LPS injection (Chamulitrat et al, 1995). Anaerostipes , Dorea and Ruminococcus in family Lachnospiraceae were found decreased in saccharin-treated mice in this study, and the decrease of these three genera were associated with inflammation in previous studies: Anaerostipes , decreased in a biliary inflammation mouse model, Dorea decreased in subjects of irritable bowel syndrome, and the loss of Ruminococcus was associated with colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate (Fernández et al, 2016; Ng et al, 2013). Taken together, these bacterial changes may partially contribute to elevated expression of inflammatory genes in mouse liver.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…Of interest, several bacterial genera are demonstrated to be involved in inflammation. For instance, Corynebacterium , Turicibacter , Anaerostipes , Dorea , Roseburia and Ruminococcus (Bajaj et al, 2012; Chamulitrat et al, 1995; Collins et al, 2014; Fernández et al, 2016; Ng et al, 2013) were related to inflammation, suggesting that saccharin-induced gut microbiota changes may be partially responsible for the pro-inflammatory effects of saccharin.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Saccharin induced liver inflammation in mice by altering the gut microbiota and its metabolic functions

Bian

Chi

et al. 2017

Food and Chemical Toxicology

158

123

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Maintaining the balance of the gut microbiota and its metabolic functions is vital for human health, however, this balance can be disrupted by various external factors including food additives. A range of food and beverages are sweetened by saccharin, which is generally considered to be safe despite controversial debates. However, recent studies indicated that saccharin perturbed the gut microbiota. Inflammation is frequently associated with disruptions of the gut microbiota. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between host inflammation and perturbed gut microbiome by saccharin. C57BL/6J male mice were treated with saccharin in drinking water for six months. Q-PCR was used to detect inflammatory markers in mouse liver, while 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metabolomics were used to reveal changes of the gut microbiota and its metabolomic profiles. Elevated expression of pro-inflammatory iNOS and TNF-α in liver indicated that saccharin induced inflammation in mice. The altered gut bacterial genera, enriched orthologs of pathogen-associated molecular patterns, such as LPS and bacterial toxins, in concert with increased pro-inflammatory metabolites suggested that the saccharin-induced liver inflammation could be associated with the perturbation of the gut microbiota and its metabolic functions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saccharin induced liver inflammation in mice by altering the gut microbiota and its metabolic functions

Bian

Chi

et al. 2017

Food and Chemical Toxicology

158

123

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Prebiyotikler ise, insan bağırsak enzimleri ile hidrolize edilemeyen, yararlı bakteriler tarafından seçici olarak fermente edilebilen ve bu seçici fermentasyon sonucunda konağın sağlığında olumlu etkiye neden olan diyet bileşenleri olarak tanımlanmaktadırlar (95). Probiyotikler ve prebiyotiklerin, immün sistemi modifiye ederek inflamasyon üzerine olumlu etkilerinin olduğu bildirilmiştir (96)(97)(98)(99).…”

Section: Probiyotikler Ve Prebiyotiklerunclassified

Kronik Böbrek Hastalığında Renal İnflamasyon ve Bazı Güncel Diyet Bileşenleri İlişkisi

Öztürk¹,

Nergiz-Unal²

2018

Turk Neph Dial Transpl

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ÖZKronik böbrek hastalığı, glomerüler filtrasyonun azalmasıyla böbrekte sıvı-solüt dengesinin düzenlen-mesi ve metabolik-endokrin fonksiyonlarda kronik ve ilerleyici bozulma hali olarak tanımlanabilir. Kronik böbrek hastalığı gelişiminde rol alan inflamasyon, kronik böbrek hastalığının sonucu olarak da ortaya çıkabilmekte ve KBH varlığına bağlı mortalite artışının en önemli nedenlerinden biri olarak kabul edilmektedir. İnflamasyon ve diyet etkileşimi ile ilgili yapılan güncel araştırmalar çoklu doymamış yağ asitleri, D vitamini, E vitamini gibi besin ögeleri ile karnitin, lipoik asit, flavanoidler, probiyotikler ve prebiyotikler gibi diğer diyet bileşenlerinin renal inflamasyon sürecindeki olumlu etkilerine işaret etmektedir. Derlemede, olası anti-inflamatuvar bazı diyet bileşenlerinin kronik böbrek hastalığı ile ilişkili inflamasyon üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir. ANAHTAR SÖZCÜKLER: Kronik böbrek hastalığı, Beslenme, İnflamasyon, Diyet ABSTRACTChronic kidney disease can be defined as chronic and progressive deterioration of the regulation of fluid-solute balance and metabolic-endocrine functions of the kidney due to diminishing glomerular filtration. Inflammation in renal disease can develop as a cause or an outcome, and it has been reported in recent studies that inflammation is among the most important causes of disease-related mortality. Investigations on inflammation and diet interactions have shown that the effects of nutrients such as polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamin D, vitamin E and other dietary components such as carnitine, lipoic acid, flavanoids, probiotics and prebiotics may have positive effects on the renal inflammation process. In this review, the potential anti-inflammatory effects of some current dietary components in chronic kidney disease were studied.

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“…The presence of b linkages 1 in GO allows it to pass through the digestive tract which becomes available in the gut 52 where it is selectively utilized by probiotic bacteria, which in turn generates SCFAs. 53 The colon vessels were monitored throughout the SHIME run and the samples collected from reactors 3, 4 and 5 during the control, IN and GO periods were subjected to detection and quantication of liberated LA and SCFAs.…”

Section: Analysis Of La and Scfasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…54 Moreover, these metabolites also upregulate pro-apoptosis by inhibiting histone deacytylases, protein BAK and p21. 52,55 Thus, SCFAs are one of the major metabolites of prebiotic anaerobic fermentation which in turn lowers the pH of the colon thus increasing growth of benecial bacteria and contributing towards the betterment of health. Ammonia levels are tremendously increased upon high intake of a high protein diet, leading to colonocyte proliferation thus increasing the risk of CRC development.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gum odina: an emerging gut modulating approach in colorectal cancer prevention

et al. 2017

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It is well established that prebiotics have a profound influence on colonic microbiota which in turn play an essential role in ameliorating the host's health. This study is focused on Gum Odina (GO), a reported prebiotic in our earlier work, and its impact on colorectal cancer (CRC). GO, upon utilization by probiotics, liberates short-chain fatty acids, acetic acid (0.864 AE 0.050 mg ml À1 ) and butyric acid (2.303 AE 0.083 mg ml À1) predominantly and increases colonization of Lactobacillus sp. and Bifidobacterium sp.in a gut simulator. The in vivo preventive study of CRC was conducted on Swiss albino mice using 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine (DMH) along with inulin and GO as the standard and test prebiotic, respectively.Scanning electron micrographs of the colon depict that the severity of mucosal dysplasia, flat lesions and loss of goblet cells was quite low in the GO group compared to the DMH alone treated group. The same was noticed in the histomicrograph in terms of alteration of the colonic architecture and abnormalities in the submucosa. Administration of DMH also caused oxidative burst as the levels of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation significantly increased (p < 0.05) but reduced by 29.35% and 27.65%, respectively, in the GO group. Moreover, the levels of glutathione, glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase and catalase in the colonic tissues significantly increased (p < 0.05) by 31.26%, 10.96%, 12.4% and 6.37%, respectively, when compared to IN, a standard prebiotic. Thus, GO possesses CRCpreventing along with antioxidant properties and slows the overall tumor genesis process.

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Colon microbiota fermentation of dietary prebiotics towards short-chain fatty acids and their roles as anti-inflammatory and antitumour agents: A review

Cited by 293 publications

References 92 publications

Saccharin induced liver inflammation in mice by altering the gut microbiota and its metabolic functions

Saccharin induced liver inflammation in mice by altering the gut microbiota and its metabolic functions

Kronik Böbrek Hastalığında Renal İnflamasyon ve Bazı Güncel Diyet Bileşenleri İlişkisi

Gum odina: an emerging gut modulating approach in colorectal cancer prevention

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