Color and translucency stability of novel restorative CAD/CAM materials

Abstract

Background. The wide range of restorative materials available for use in the computer-aided design/ computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology requires a better understanding of their esthetic properties.Objectives. The aim of the study was to assess the stability of the color and translucency of different CAD/ CAM restorative materials before and after being subjected to different staining solutions. Material and methods.A total of 160 disc-shaped specimens were prepared from glass ceramic (IPS-e.max ® -CAD and Celtra Duo ® ), high-translucency zirconia (Lava TM Plus), resin nanoceramic (Lava TM Ultimate), and hybrid ceramic (VITA ENAMIC ® ) CAD/CAM blocks (5 groups, n = 32). The specimen color and translucency parameter (TP) were assessed using a spectrophotometer at baseline and after subjecting the specimens to different staining solutions (coffee, cola, ginger, and water). Changes in color (ΔE) and TP (ΔTP) were calculated. The data was analyzed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey' s post hoc test (p < 0.05). The correlation between ΔE and ΔTP was investigated using Pearson' s correlation coefficient.Results. Staining significantly affected the baseline color of all specimens. Ginger had the most significant effect on Lava Plus (ΔE = 4.01 ±1.2), cola on Celtra Duo (ΔE = 2.29 ±0.25) and coffee on Lava Ultimate (ΔE = 2.59 ±0.17). Generally, IPS-e.max-CAD showed the smallest ΔE. No significant differences in ΔTP were found between different staining solutions. Increased ΔE correlated with decreased translucency for all the tested materials and staining solutions. Conclusions.Staining had a marked effect on the color and translucency of the tested CAD/CAM materials. The color change was staining solution-and material-dependent, with IPS-e.max-CAD showing the greatest color stability.

Effect of surface finishing protocols on color and translucency of zirconia reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic after thermo-mechanical aging and different staining solutions

“…This may explained the enhanced the affinity of cola to the celtra material. (20) The mean ΔE values of all groups were perceptible and clinically acceptable, which may be due to the low amount of yellow colorant in composition of cola. (33) Translucency denotes the passing of light through the material that can give the restoration a lifelike esthetic appearance.…”

“…This compound has a great affinity for cola liquid resulting in changes of the material body texture. (20) The correlation test indicated a negative relationship between ΔTP and ΔE. After immersing all the tested groups in staining solutions and aging, the increased in color change corresponded to a decreased translucency.…”

“…In many previous studies evaluating color stability, coffee was the most commonly used staining solution followed by tea and cola. (16,20,29,30) Artificial accelerated aging was done using masticatory simulator which includes thermocycling and mechanical loading. This is in vitro method was used in several studies to simulates the oral environment.…”

“…This correlation may explain the color change of ceramic restoration that occurred due to the absorption of stains, water sorption, or a change in surface topography was followed by a change in the light scattering properties of the materials. (20) The limitations of this in vitro study are that only one thickness was investigated and the samples were stained on both surfaces and not bonded to the tooth structure to mimic the clinical condition. Further studies are needed to consider these limitations.…”

“…The specimens' color was measured using a reflective spectrophotometer (X-Rite, model RM200QC, Neu-Isenburg, Germany). (20) The aperture size was adjusted to 4 mm and the specimens were placed in the center of the measuring port. A white background (CIE L*= 88.81, a*= -4.98, b*= 6.09) was selected.…”