Combination of Solanum nigrum L. Herb Ethanolic Extract and Doxorubicin Performs Synergism on T47D Breast Cancer Cells

Anindyajati, Anindyajati; Sarmoko, Sarmoko; Putri, Dyaningtyas Dewi Pamungkas; Hermawan, Adam; Meiyanto, Edy

doi:10.14499/indonesianjcanchemoprev1iss2pp78-84

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The methanolic extract of S. nigrum L. fruit exhibited cytotoxicity activity significantly higher on HeLa cell than on Vero normal cell (Patel et al, 2009). The equivalent combination of S. nigrum L. ethanolic extract with doxorubicin performed synergism anticancer effect on T-47D breast cancer cells (Anindyajati et al, 2010). Both S. nigrum L. leaves and stems methanolic extracts also demonstrated as an anticancer agent on PC3 prostate and HeLa cervical cancer cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

The Cytotoxic, Apoptotic Induction, and Cell Cycle Arrest Activities of Solanum nigrum L. Ethanolic Extract on MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cell

Churiyah¹,

Ningsih²,

Firdayani³

2020

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev

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Objective: The purpose of this research was to evaluate the cytotoxic, cell cycle arrest, and apoptotic induction activities of the fruit of S. nigrum L. ethanolic-70% extract against MCF-7 human breast cancer cell. Methods: S. nigrum L. ripe fruit was blended and macerated with ethanol 70% and the filtrate was evaporated. The semisolid extract was then analyzed phytochemically. Cytotoxic analysis was performed using MCF-7 cancer and Vero normal cell by MTT method and followed by apoptotic and cell cycle arrest analysis using flow cytometry. Results: The phytochemical analysis resulted that extract contained total phenolic and flavonoid compounds with the level of 1.545±0.080% and 0.212±0.002%, respectively. Glycitin was the highest level of isoflavone compound, namely, 375.0844 mg/100 g extract. The cytotoxic evaluation revealed that the extract exhibited a selectively toxic effect between cancer and normal cell. The extract inhibited MCF-7 proliferation with IC50 value about 40.77±4.86 μg/mL and conversely toward Vero cell at lower cytotoxic activity with an IC50 value of 298.96±27.28 μg/mL. Evaluation of MCF-7 cell cycles demonstrated that the extract arrested the cell cycle in the S phase and continued to the G2/M phase at the half of the IC50 value. The extract induced apoptotic of MCF-7 cell about 43.31% in which this activity was nearly the same with doxorubicin as a positive control (59.14%). However, solamargine was predicted as the most active anticancer compounds by a molecular docking study so that it was suggested to measure the level of this compound. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the fruit of S. nigrum L. ethanolic-70% extract demonstrated cytotoxic activity toward MCF-7 breast cancer cell and nontoxic on Vero normal cell. Solamargine was predicted as the most active anticancer compound. This extract had an opportunity to be developed as a potential anticancer agent to overcome breast cancer diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

The Cytotoxic, Apoptotic Induction, and Cell Cycle Arrest Activities of Solanum nigrum L. Ethanolic Extract on MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cell

Churiyah¹,

Ningsih²,

Firdayani³

2020

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev

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“…We investigated the cytotoxic of DOX and used it for reference of combination with SNE. Based on previous research, a combination of leunca with several chemotherapy agents has been known to increases the cytotoxic of chemotherapy agents in several cancer cells (Sarmoko, et al, 2011;Istiaji, et al, 2010;Maruti, et al, 2011;Anindyajati, et al, 2010). The combination of SNE with DOX increased the cytotoxicity of DOX, reduced the cell viability and proliferation of MCF-7 cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solanum nigrum Ethanolic Extract (SNE) Increases Cytotoxic Activity of Doxorubicin on MCF-7 Cell

Putri

Rivanti

Istiaji

et al. 2021

Indones J Cancer Chemoprevent

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Leunca (Solanum nigrum L.) is a potential source of natural anticancer agents. Solanum nigrum L. ethanolic extract (SNE) has cytotoxic activity in several cancer cell lines. We aimed to evaluate the ability of SNE to increase MCF-7 cell sensitivity to doxorubicin as a chemotherapeutic agent for breast cancer. Cell viability of SNE and its combination treatment with doxorubicin were conducted by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2.5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, and apoptosis assay was analyzed by Ethidium bromide-acridine orange method. The SNE showed a cytotoxic effect in the MCF-7 cell line with IC50 50 μg/mL. Combination treated DOX-SNE resulted in a combination index (CI) value of 0.21, indicating strong synergism SNE and doxorubicin. The SNE 25 μg/mL combined with doxorubicin 100 nM optimally induced apoptosis of MCF-7 cells. We concluded that SNE is the potential to be developed as a co-chemotherapeutic agent through apoptosis induction though the molecular mechanism need to explore.Keywords: Solanum nigrum L. herb ethanolic extract, doxorubicin, MCF-7, apoptosis.

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“…Previous studies demonstrated that Leunca herb extract is potential to be developed as a chemopreventive agent due to its activity on some cancer cell lines, such as MCF-7, T47D, and HeLa cells. The extract could enhance cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin on MCF-7 and T47D breast cancer cells and also could increase cytotoxic effects of cisplatin on HeLa cervical cancer cells (Princess, et al, 2010;Anindyajati, et al, 2010, andIstiaji, et al, 2010). Solanine and solamargine are known as main active compounds that have cytotoxic activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Toxicity and Genotoxic Activity of Leunca (Solanum nigrum L.) Herb Ethanolic Extract

Rumiyati

Muna

Hidayati

et al. 2017

IJCC

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Previous studies showed that Leunca herb ethanolic extract (LHE) has cytotoxic activity in several cancer cell lines such as HepG2 and HT-29. The extract also demonstrated as potential agent to be developed as co-chemotherapeutic in combination with doxorubicin and cisplatin. The combination is supposed to reduce occurance of cell resistance and toxicity towards normal cell. In order to verify safety before being applied to human, toxicological and genotoxic evaluation of the extract is important to be done. This research was therefore aimed to investigate acute toxicity and genotoxic activity of LHE. The acute toxicity study was carried out in three groups of 5 mice that was orally administrated by LHE at different doses consisting 300, 2000 and 5000 mg/kgBW. Mortality and sign of toxicity were observed during 7 days. Genotoxic activity was carried out using Mononuclear Polychromatic Erythrosite (MNPCE) assay at a doses range of 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kgBW. Cyclophosphamide (CYP) at the dose of 50 mg/kg was used as positive control. The result showed that LHE did not cause lethal effect on animal model up to doses of 5000 mg/kgBW. However, toxicity signs were found in animal model on day 0-6 of the observation. LHE had lower genotoxic activity compared to cyclophosphamide at the doses of 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg. The low genotoxic activity and acute toxicity of LHE suggested that the extract might be safe to be used as medicine.

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Combination of Solanum nigrum L. Herb Ethanolic Extract and Doxorubicin Performs Synergism on T47D Breast Cancer Cells

Cited by 7 publications

References 9 publications

The Cytotoxic, Apoptotic Induction, and Cell Cycle Arrest Activities of Solanum nigrum L. Ethanolic Extract on MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cell

The Cytotoxic, Apoptotic Induction, and Cell Cycle Arrest Activities of Solanum nigrum L. Ethanolic Extract on MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cell

Solanum nigrum Ethanolic Extract (SNE) Increases Cytotoxic Activity of Doxorubicin on MCF-7 Cell

Acute Toxicity and Genotoxic Activity of Leunca (Solanum nigrum L.) Herb Ethanolic Extract

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