Combined inorganic/organic fertilization enhances N efficiency and increases rice productivity through organic carbon accumulation in a rice paddy from the Tai Lake region, China

Pan, Genxing; Zhou, Ping; Li, Zhipeng; Smith, Pete; Li, Lianqing; Qiu, Duosheng; Zhang, Xuhui; Xu, Xiaobo; Shen, Shengyuan; Chen, Xuemin

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2009.01.020

Cited by 220 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The increase in crop biomass might be attributed to the improvement in soil physical properties indicated by a decrease in bulk density and to the enhancement in nutrient availability in our previous study [47]. It has been verified that biochar could increase N availability to crops [54] and high levels of soil organic carbon could improve soil N efficiency, thus increasing crop production [55]. Thus, the increasing soil C accumulation induced by biochar additions might be an alternative to economize the N fertilization used [51].…”

Section: Crop Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Biochar Application on CO2 Emissions from a Cultivated Soil under Semiarid Climate Conditions in Northwest China

et al. 2017

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Biochar amendments to soil have potential as a climate change mitigation strategy. However, their effect on carbon exchange in different ecosystems has not been well evaluated. Understanding how biochar affects carbon exchange from agricultural soil is essential for clarifying the contribution of biochar management to the carbon budget. We performed a laboratory and a two-year field experiment to investigate the short-and medium-term effects of biochar application on CO 2 emissions from semiarid farmland. There was no statistically significant alteration in the cumulative CO 2 emissions from the mixture of soil with biochar alone, while the emissions increased significantly with additional nitrogen amendment over the 46-day experimental period. Over the two-year experimental period, the cumulative CO 2 emissions from the field experiment decreased in the biochar-amended treatment, and the effects were significant at high application rates (20 and 30 t·ha −1 ) relative to the control in the MS. The seasonal CO 2 dynamics were strongly dependent on soil temperature, with a higher correlation with the temperature at a depth of 10cm than with the temperature at a depth of 0cm. Soil temperature, rather than soil water content, was the major environmental factor controlling the soil carbon exchange in the semiarid farmland of the Loess Plateau. In general, biochar additions enhanced aboveground dry matter accumulation in both the early and late stages of maize growth. The results suggested that biochar amendment was a preferable management practice to help maintain or increase carbon sequestration for this region with lower CO 2 emissions and higher dry matter production over a longer period.

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Section: Crop Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Biochar Application on CO2 Emissions from a Cultivated Soil under Semiarid Climate Conditions in Northwest China

et al. 2017

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“…In addition to higher crop yield, Pan et al (2009) also found combined application of chemical fertilizer and pig manure (CFM) or chemical fertilizer plus rice straw return (CFS) increased N partial factor productivity (PFP, crop yield divided by N input) by an average of 27 and 54%, respectively, over chemical fertilizer alone. This increase in N-use efficiency can be translated into potential savings of ∼ 2 Mt yr −1 inorganic N fertilizer in rice production in China, which may offset 1.7-3.5 Mt C emissions per year.…”

Section: Combination Of Inorganic and Organic Fertilizers Leads To Momentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sufficient evidence indicates that the combined application of NPK fertilizers and organic fertilizers (NPK+OF) can generally achieve higher crop yields than any of them applied alone (Poulton, 1995;Greenland, 1997;Manna et al, 2007;Hati et al, 2007;Bhattacharyya et al, 2008;Xu et al, 2008;Pan et al, 2009;Zhang et al, 2009a, b, c;Diacono and Montemurro, 2010;Zhao et al, 2010). A long-term field experiment from 1973 to 2004 conducted in India indicated a significant downward trend in yield of soybean for both the control treatment and the NPK treatment compared with a statistically significant upward trend with time for the NPK + FYM treatment (Bhattacharyya et al, 2008).…”

Section: Combination Of Inorganic and Organic Fertilizers Leads To Momentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term experiments for sustainable nutrient management in China. A review

Miao¹,

Stewart²,

Zhang³

2010

Agronomy Sust. Developm.

454

215

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-China is facing one of the largest challenges of this century to continue to increase annual cereal production to about 600 Mt by 2030 to ensure food security with shrinking cropland and limited resources, while maintaining or improving soil fertility, and protecting the environment. Rich experiences in integrated and efficient utilization of different strategies of crop rotation, intercropping, and all possible nutrient resources accumulated by Chinese farmers in traditional farming systems have been gradually abandoned and nutrient management shifted to over-reliance on synthetic fertilizers. China is now the world's largest producer, consumer and importer of chemical fertilizers. Overapplication of nitrogen (N) is common in intensive agricultural regions, and current N-uptake efficiency was reported to be only 28.3, 28.2 and 26.1% for rice, wheat and maize, respectively, and less than 20% in intensive agricultural regions and for fruit trees or vegetable crops. In addition to surface and groundwater pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, over-application of N fertilizers has caused significant soil acidification in major Chinese croplands, decreasing soil pH by 0.13 to 2.20. High yield as a top priority, small-scale farming, lack of temporal synchronization of nutrient supply and crop demand, lack of effective extension systems, and hand application of fertilizers by farmers are possible reasons leading to the over-application problems. There is little doubt that current nutrient management practices are not sustainable and more efficient management systems need to be developed. A review of long-term experiments conducted around the world indicated that chemical fertilizer alone is not enough to improve or maintain soil fertility at high levels and the soil acidification problem caused by overapplication of synthetic N fertilizers can be reduced if more fertilizer N is applied as NO − 3 relative to ammonium-or urea-based N fertilizers. Organic fertilizers can improve soil fertility and quality, but long-term application at high rates can also lead to more nitrate leaching, and accumulation of P, if not managed well. Well-managed combination of chemical and organic fertilizers can overcome the disadvantages of applying single source of fertilizers and sustainably achieve higher crop yields, improve soil fertility, alleviate soil acidification problems, and increase nutrient-use efficiency compared with only using chemical fertilizers. Crop yield can be increased through temporal diversity using crop rotation strategies compared with continuous cropping and legume-based cropping systems can reduce carbon and nitrogen losses. Crop yield responses to N fertilization can vary significantly from year to year due to variation in weather conditions and indigenous N supply, thus the commonly adopted prescriptive approach to N management needs to be replaced by a responsive in-season management approach based on diagnosis of crop growth, N status and demand. A crop sensor-based in-season site-specific N mana...

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“…In addition, the application of chemical, organic or mixed fertilizers in rice paddy cultivation in Southeastern China can lead to changes in soil microbial diversity, which in turn influences the use efficiency of N [56]. However, there are a lack of specific data available on N and P loss rates for the agricultural system studied; therefore, the authors estimated rough rates with the help of local experts.…”

Section: Contents Technical Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Oral Histories to Identify Criteria for Future Scenarios of Sustainable Farming in the South Yangtze River, China

et al. 2016

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Agricultural practices in Jiangnan water towns have historically been identified as maintaining a balance between human activity and the local environment, but are now a significant local source of water pollution. Using a multi-methods approach, this study deduces the environmental impact of traditional practices, and the socially desired conditions for successfully reintroducing critical ones. Oral histories from 31 farmers in Tianshanzhuang village, South Yangtze River were in order to chart changes in farming practices over four historic periods, and used to estimate the nitrogen and phosphorus burdens per acre. Findings show that the use of Lan River Mud-dredged mud for fertilizer-was key in producing a positive impact, but abandoned after the 1980s. Four criteria hindering reintroduction of traditional practices were identified, and potentially useful but fragmented emerging local candidate practices are considered against these, as are recent practices in Japan. We propose that the cooperation of several stakeholders with various related government departments in China could lead to a portfolio of effective policy changes and should be studied further: to include new methods and uses of Lan River Mud; the integration of aquaculture, leisure and tourism industries with agriculture; and the production of organic produce with well-planned internet-linked sales, delivery and coordination mechanisms.

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Combined inorganic/organic fertilization enhances N efficiency and increases rice productivity through organic carbon accumulation in a rice paddy from the Tai Lake region, China

Cited by 220 publications

References 14 publications

Effects of Biochar Application on CO2 Emissions from a Cultivated Soil under Semiarid Climate Conditions in Northwest China

Effects of Biochar Application on CO2 Emissions from a Cultivated Soil under Semiarid Climate Conditions in Northwest China

Long-term experiments for sustainable nutrient management in China. A review

The Use of Oral Histories to Identify Criteria for Future Scenarios of Sustainable Farming in the South Yangtze River, China

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