Combined permeable pavement and ground source heat pump systems to treat urban runoff

Scholz, Miklas; Grabowiecki, Piotr

doi:10.1002/jctb.2054

Cited by 28 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…A typical composition of layers comprises a lower sub-base (250 mm), an upper sub-base (100 mm), a geotextile, a clean 5-mm stone layer (50 mm) and finally paving blocks (80 mm) at the top (Figures 1-3). The porous Inbitex geotextile made of polyethylene and polypropylene fibres was placed in the top part of the upper base, as this is the area where considerable microbial degradation of pollutants is likely to take place [13]. Either Inbitex on its own or Inbitex together with an impermeable layer (Terram Drainage Composite, Terram Geosynthetics, Gwent, UK), called composite, and were used in the experimental bins.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Approaches for Stormwater Quality Improvements with Experimental Geothermal Paving Systems

Tota-Maharaj

Paul

2015

Sustainability

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This research assesses the next generation of permeable pavement systems (PPS) incorporating ground source heat pumps (geothermal paving systems). Twelve experimental pilot-scaled pavement systems were assessed for its stormwater treatability in Edinburgh, UK. The relatively high variability of temperatures during the heating and cooling cycle of a ground source heat pump system embedded into the pavement structure did not allow the ecological risk of pathogenic microbial expansion and survival. Carbon dioxide monitoring indicated relatively high microbial activity on a geotextile layer and within the pavement structure. Anaerobic degradation processes were concentrated around the geotextile zone, where carbon dioxide concentrations reached up to 2000 ppm. The overall water treatment potential was high with up to 99% biochemical oxygen demand removal. The pervious pavement systems reduced the ecological risk of stormwater discharges and provided a low risk of pathogen growth.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Approaches for Stormwater Quality Improvements with Experimental Geothermal Paving Systems

Tota-Maharaj

Paul

2015

Sustainability

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“…This section is concerned with the critical review of a long-term and well-reported research study [3,10,22] undertaken by the The University of Edinburgh for Hanson Formpave (Hanson UK, 14 Castle Hill, Maidenhead SL6 4JJ, England, UK). Several types of combined permeable pavement and ground source heating pump systems used to treat urban runoff were evaluated.…”

Section: Essential Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The highest concentrations were recorded close to the first two (i.e., the shallowest) sampling points for each bin. This indicates that the most intensive microbial activity takes place around the geotextile [28,29], which was responsible for lower microbial counts within the outflow of most systems during the majority of the monitoring period [3].…”

Section: Review Of Key Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SuDS technique 'permeable pavement' has become a popular solution in reducing the burden of increased runoff by restoring the infiltration treated runoff (if desired), water quality improvement and hydraulic functions of natural systems [3]. Permeable pavement systems vary greatly in terms of type, construction, dimensions, operation and management.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water Quality Improvement Performance of Geotextiles Within Permeable Pavement Systems: A Critical Review

Scholz

2013

Water

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Sustainable drainage systems (SuDS; or best management practices) are increasingly being used as ecological engineering techniques to prevent the contamination of receiving watercourses and groundwater. Permeable paving is a SuDS technique, which is commonplace in car parks, driveways and minor roads where one of their functions is to improve the quality of urban runoff. However, little is known about the water quality benefits of incorporating an upper geotextile within the paving structure. The review focuses on five different categories of pollutants: organic matter, nutrients, heavy metals, motor oils, suspended solids originating from street dust, and chloride. The paper critically assesses results from previous international tests and draws conclusions on the scientific rigour and significance of the data. Findings indicate that only very few studies have been undertaken to address the role of geotextiles directly. All indications are that the presence of a geotextile leads only to minor water quality improvements. For example, suspended solids are being held back by the geotextile and these solids sometimes contain organic matter, nutrients and heavy metals. However, most studies were inconclusive and data were often unsuitable for further statistical analysis. Further long-term research on industry-relevant, and statistically and scientifically sound, experimental set-ups is recommended.

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“…In this context Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS) as Pervious Pavements Systems (PPS) have important advantages , not only in the reduction of runoff by decreasing impermeable areas (Rushton, 2001), but also in the reduction of pollutants (Coupe et al, 2003), recharge of aquifers (Ferguson, 2011), erosion control (Wright, 2008) and increased urban amenity (Ellis et al, 2004). The main applications of PPS in urban areas are car parks for light traffic where PPS have the potential to occupy large urban areas (Shu et al, 2011), access roads for residential streets, parking areas and roads for recreational facilities such as golf courses and bike lanes, amongst others (Scholz and Grabowiecki, 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water quality and quantity assessment of pervious pavements performance in experimental car park areas

Sañudo-Fontaneda

Charlesworth

Castro‐Fresno

et al. 2014

Water Science and Technology

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Pervious pavements have become one of the most used Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems techniques in car parks. This research paper presents the results of monitoring water quality from several experimental car park areas designed and constructed in Spain with bays made of interlocking concrete blocks pavement, porous asphalt, polymer modified porous concrete and reinforced grass with plastic and concrete cells. Moreover, two different sub-base materials were used (limestone aggregates and Basic Oxygen Furnace slag). This study therefore encompasses the majority of the materials used as permeable surfaces and sub-base layers all over the world. Effluent from the test bays were monitored for Dissolved Oxygen, pH, Electric Conductivity, Total Suspended Solids, Turbidity and Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons in order to analyze the behaviour showed by each combination of surface and sub-base materials. In addition, permeability tests were undertaken in all car parks using the "Laboratorio Caminos Santander" permeameter and the Cantabrian Portable Infiltrometer. All results are presented together with the influence of surface and sub-base materials on water quality indicators using bivariate correlation statistical analysis at a confidence level of 95%. The polymer modified porous concrete surface course in combination with limestone aggregate sub-base presented the best performance.

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Combined permeable pavement and ground source heat pump systems to treat urban runoff

Cited by 28 publications

References 29 publications

Sustainable Approaches for Stormwater Quality Improvements with Experimental Geothermal Paving Systems

Sustainable Approaches for Stormwater Quality Improvements with Experimental Geothermal Paving Systems

Water Quality Improvement Performance of Geotextiles Within Permeable Pavement Systems: A Critical Review

Water quality and quantity assessment of pervious pavements performance in experimental car park areas

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