Combining Ability and Reciprocal Cross Effects of Elite Quality Protein Maize Inbred Lines in Subtropical Environments

Machida, Lewis; Derera, John; Tongoona, Pangirayi; MacRobert, John

doi:10.2135/cropsci2009.09.0538

Cited by 35 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This result is consistent with findings in several studies with QPM germplasm (Pixley and Bjarnason 1993;Vasal et al 1993a, b;Musila et al 2010;Wegary et al 2014). In contrast, studies by Bhatnagar et al (2004) and Machida et al (2010) showed that nonadditive genetic effects were more important than additive genetic effects for control of GY in QPM germplasm. With preponderance of additive gene action for these traits and large genetic variability, a recurrent selection method like half-sib family recurrent selection that emphasizes GCA can be used effectively to improve these traits in this germplasm.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Genetic analysis of tropical quality protein maize (Zea mays L.) germplasm

et al. 2017

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Maize (Zea mays L.) is an important source of carbohydrates and protein in the diet in sub-Saharan Africa. The objectives of this study were to (i) estimate general (GCA) and specific combining abilities (SCA) of 13 new quality protein maize (QPM) lines in a diallel under stress and non-stress conditions, (ii) compare observed and predicted performance of QPM hybrids, (iii) characterize genetic diversity among the 13 QPM lines using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and assess the relationship between genetic distance and hybrid performance, and (iv) assess diversity and population structure in 116 new QPM inbred lines as compared to eight older tropical QPM lines and 15 non-QPM lines. The GCA and SCA effects were significant for most traits under optimal conditions, indicating that both additive and non-additive genetic effects were important for inheritance of the traits. Additive genetic effects appeared to govern inheritance of most traits under optimal conditions and across environments. Non-additive genetic effects were more important for inheritance of grain yield but additive effects controlled most agronomic traits under drought stress conditions. Inbred lines CKL08056, CKL07292, and CKL07001 had desirable GCA effects for grain yield across drought stress and non-stress conditions. Prediction efficiency for grain yield was highest under optimal conditions. The classification of 139 inbred lines with 95 SNPs generated six clusters, four of which contained 10 or fewer lines, and 16 lines of mixed co-ancestry. There was good agreement between Neighbor Joining dendrogram and Structure classification. The QPM lines used in the diallel were nearly uniformly spread throughout the dendrogram. There was no relationship between genetic distance and grain yield in either the optimal or stressed environments in this study. The genetic diversity in mid-altitude maize germplasm is ample, and the addition of the QPM germplasm did not increase it measurably.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Genetic analysis of tropical quality protein maize (Zea mays L.) germplasm

et al. 2017

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“…On the other hand, the mean protein content (12.8/100 g) of the biofortified maize varieties of this study was much higher than the documented values for white maize (Machida et al, 2010;Johnson, 2000). The finding that the provitamin A-biofortified maize varieties had a higher protein and fat content relative to the white maize is encouraging.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 78%

Influence of biofortification with provitamin A on protein, selected micronutrient composition and grain quality of maize

Pillay¹,

Siwela²,

Derera³

et al. 2013

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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Provitamin A-biofortified maize is currently being evaluated for use in the alleviation of vitamin A deficiency. Apart from the differences in provitamin A content, the nutritional composition of provitamin A-biofortified maize compared to white maize is hardly known. This study aimed to evaluate the protein and selected micronutrient composition of biofortified maize varieties and the quality of their grains. A total of 32 provitamin A-biofortified maize varieties was analysed for their starch, fat, protein and mineral content. The milling and storage quality of the biofortified maize grains were also assessed. When compared with the white maize variety, the biofortified varieties were higher in starch, fat and protein, but were lower in iron. The biofortified maize varieties were better sources of most of the essential amino acids relative to the white variety, but, similar to the white maize, they were deficient in histidine and lysine. Overall, the quality of the grains of the biofortified maize varieties was superior to that of the white maize grain, although, the biofortified grains were more susceptible to fungal invasion. This study indicates that, in terms of the nutrients assessed, provitamin A-biofortified maize is generally superior to white maize, except for minerals.

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“…Bhatnagar et al (2004) and Machida et al (2010) reported that nonadditive gene effects were more important than additive gene effects for GY, while additive genes were common in affecting PH, AD, and SD. These crosses consisted of at least one parent with a high GCA effect and increased concentration of favorable alleles for GY.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyses of Combining Ability and Genotype‐By‐Environment Interaction of Quality Protein Maize Inbred Lines Adapted to Tropical‐Highlands

2016

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Production of quality protein maize (Zea mays L., QPM) is an economic and sustainable approach that can help to alleviate protein deficiency in developing countries. However, QPM cultivars with high grain yield and wide adaptation to the tropical‐highland subhumid maize agroecologies are yet to be developed and released for farmers. The objectives of this study were, therefore, to determine the magnitude of heterosis and combining ability of elite QPM inbred lines and to establish the genotype‐by‐environment interaction (GEI) of experimental hybrids for cultivar development and recommendation. Twelve parent half‐diallel crosses were produced, and 66 experimental hybrids were developed. The hybrids and two commercial hybrid checks were evaluated under the rainfed conditions of six tropical highland environments using an α lattice (0, 1) design during 2012 and 2013. Significant GEI was observed both in per se performances and genetic analyses. Inbred lines such as KIT32, FS60 and 142–1‐EQ were good general combiners for grain yield. Inbred line FS60 exhibited good general combining ability for reduced days to anthesis and desirable plant and ear height. Inbred line FS60 is genetically complementary to KIT32 and 142–1‐EQ and is useful for QPM hybrid cultivar development. The best hybrids identified through both combining ability and GEI analyses were KIT32 × 142–1‐EQ and 142–1‐EQ × CML144, yielding 10.3 Mg ha−1 and 9.6 Mg ha−1, respectively, across variable environments. These hybrids could be used as potential QPM single‐cross testers for three‐way hybrid cultivar development targeting tropical‐highland agroecologies.

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Combining Ability and Reciprocal Cross Effects of Elite Quality Protein Maize Inbred Lines in Subtropical Environments

Cited by 35 publications

References 17 publications

Genetic analysis of tropical quality protein maize (Zea mays L.) germplasm

Genetic analysis of tropical quality protein maize (Zea mays L.) germplasm

Influence of biofortification with provitamin A on protein, selected micronutrient composition and grain quality of maize

Analyses of Combining Ability and Genotype‐By‐Environment Interaction of Quality Protein Maize Inbred Lines Adapted to Tropical‐Highlands

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