Combining perfluoroalkane acid exposure levels for risk assessment

Iannucci, Annette R.; Turim, Jay

doi:10.1016/j.yrtph.2007.08.003

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The complexity of this relationship is also nicely illustrated by the observations that whereas PFOA can activate PPAR α at lower concentrations as compared to PFOS, 28,29 the effect of developmental exposure to PFOS can be greater as compared to PFOA. 20 This also suggests that PPAR α -independent mechanisms could mediate the developmental toxicity associated with perfluoroalkyl chemical exposure in experimental animal models. Indeed, this is supported by the studies showing that while the postnatal lethality observed in response to gestational exposure to PFOA or PFNA requires PPAR α since postnatal lethality is only found in wild-type and not Ppar α -null mice.…”

Section: Is There a Single Receptor-mediated Mechanism For Perfluoroamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While this analysis indicated that combining exposures of perfluoroalkyl chemicals using a TEF approach was not feasible due primarily to discordance in the available data sets, it was suggested that future analysis with new data could provide the basis for developing TEFs for perfluoroalkyl chemicals. Since the time of the Scialli publication, 20 additional data have become available that have increased our knowledge, and these data likely preclude the use of TEFs for perfluoroalkyl chemicals. The main factors that limit the TEF approach are as follows: (1) lack of conclusive evidence demonstrating that a single receptor is required to mediate the toxicities of perfluoroalkyl chemicals; (2) the potential influence of species differences in the response to PPAR α ligands that would significantly limit this approach; (3) inconsistent toxicities observed with different perfluoroalkyl chemicals; and (4) a limited toxicological database for a number of perfluoroalkyl chemicals (e.g., perfluorinated sulfonamide polymers and perfluorinated sulfonamide-based phosphate fluorosurfactants).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Why Toxic Equivalency Factors Are Not Suitable for Perfluoroalkyl Chemicals

Peters

Gonzalez

2011

Chem. Res. Toxicol.

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The pervasive nature of perfluoroalkyl chemicals in the environment has generated considerable interest for developing new strategies for risk assessment. In experimental animal models, exposure to perfluoroalkyl chemicals can cause developmental toxicity and hepatotoxicity. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα) is required to mediate some but not all of these effects. Since PPARα has a role in mediating some of these effects, and there is some overlap in the type of toxicities elicited by perfluoroalkyl chemicals, it has been suggested that a scaling system analogous to the toxic equivalency factor (TEF) system used for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) could be used for perfluoroalkyl chemicals. However, evidence suggests that perfluoroalkyl chemicals can activate/interfere with other receptors, and there is reason to suggest the possibility of species differences in the response mediated by different receptors as well as qualitative differences in toxicities elicited by perfluoroalkyl chemicals. These differences and other data gaps preclude the development of a TEF approach for perfluoroalkyl chemicals.

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Section: Is There a Single Receptor-mediated Mechanism For Perfluoroamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Toxic Equivalency Factors Are Not Suitable for Perfluoroalkyl Chemicals

Peters

Gonzalez

2011

Chem. Res. Toxicol.

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“…The acute toxicity of fluorocarbons or fluorocarbon-hydrocarbon block copolymers was evaluated in several animal models including rats, mice and rabbits and, in general, was found to be low [45]. On the other hand, only in recent years the awareness of the increasing persistence in the environment of technologically relevant fluorinated compounds such as the perfluoroalkanoic and sulfonic acid stimulated a series of studies aimed at understanding their cytotoxicity [46] and long term toxicity in animal models [47,48]. In this respect, it is important to stress that some fluorinated compounds such as the perfluoro alkanoic and perfluorosulfonic acids, indeed display non-negligible long term toxicity.…”

Section: Toxicity Of Fluorous Gold Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold nanoparticles protected by fluorinated ligands: Syntheses, properties and applications

Pengo

Pasquato

2015

Journal of Fluorine Chemistry

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Abstract:The development of fluorinated gold nanoparticles is presently arising and increasing attention across several fields of nanotechnology. The synthetic approaches evolved over time from the use of almost perfluorinated alkanethiols and perfluorinated arylthiols to amphiphilic fluorinated thiols capable of ensuring solubility in conventional organic solvents and water. The interest in these systems stems from the unique properties of both nanosized and fluorous compounds. In perspective, the development of our understanding of the fluorophilic interactions at the nanoscale will allow to devise novel strategies for self-assembly, molecular recognition and new materials for biomedical applications. In this paper we present, through selected examples, the potential of fluorous ligands in the synthesis of gold nanoparticles and the relevance of mastering the properties of these systems in the development of new materials.

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“…Für eine wissenschaftlich fundierte Risikobewertung sowie für die Beantwortung der Frage, ob für PFT mit identischen funktionellen Gruppen und unterschiedlichen Kettenlängen die Ableitung von Gruppen-TDI-Werten möglich ist (Scialli et al, 2007), besteht weiterhin dringender Forschungsbedarf sowohl zur Toxikokinetik als auch zu den toxischen Wirkmechanismen der Stoffe. Auch hinsichtlich der menschlichen Exposition gegenüber PFT durch Lebensmittel, Lebensmittelverpackungen und die Umwelt besteht noch weiterer Klä-rungsbedarf.…”

Section: Schlussfolgerung Und Ausblickunclassified