Comminution-amorphisation relationships during ball milling of lactose at different milling conditions

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between comminution and amorphisation of α-lactose monohydrate particles during ball milling under different milling conditions, including ball-to-powder mass ratio, milling time and ball diameter. The results revealed that at a constant ball filling ratio, ball-to-powder mass ratio of 25:1 resulted in the lowest minimum particle diameter of ∼5μm and the highest degree of apparent amorphous content of 82%. The rate of comminution was high during early stage of milling whereas the degree of apparent amorphous content increased gradually at a slow rate. An increased ball-to-powder mass ratio during milling increased both the rate of comminution and the rate of amorphisation. Using a given ball-to-powder mass ratio, the ball diameter affected the degree of apparent amorphous content of the particles while the particle diameter remained unchanged. The relationship between comminution and amorphisation could be described as consisting of two stages, i.e. comminution dominated and amorphisation dominated stage. It was proposed that the rate constant of comminution and amorphisation are controlled by stress energy distribution in the milling jar and the stress energy distribution is regulated by the ball motion pattern that can be affected by the process parameter used.

Preparation of functionalized protein materials assisted by mechanochemistry

“…As a result of structural changes in the protein, the dye molecules obtain new degrees of freedom, and accordingly, both protein and dye form novel structures. As both mechanochemical processing of biopolymers [11][12][13] and self-assembly processes having a huge number of possibilities regarding both applicable materials and exact milling conditions, such processes should enable facile preparation of novel materials for a wide range of applications. Self-assembly of proteins is an efficient process enabling preparation of materials with potential applications ranging from food science to light-emitting diodes and organic dye lasers [14][15][16][17][18].…”

Interactions between Ibuprofen and Silicified-MCC: Characterization, Drug Release and Modeling Approaches

“…Median particle diameter has not been changed significantly upon milling of alfa-lactose monohydrate at a milling time of 60 and 300 min (ball-to-powder mass ratio of 25:1 and 13:1), and highest degree of amorphization was resulted at the ratio of 25:1. 20 In another milling study increasing powder loading decreased milling efficiency at a given rotation speed of 50, 100, and 153 rpm. 23 Hence, 1 h milling time and 100 rpm of milling speed could be justifiable or closely resembling to the dosage form processing.…”

“…The milling experiments with constant set-up of ball-to-physical mixture mass ratio of 25:1 was used. 20…”

Investigation of the Fragmentation Process of Clods in a Rod Mill Developed for Research Use

“…One difficulty in improving the performance of milling devices is that the fragmentation mechanism due to the interactions between a ball and a clod in a jar are not fully understood. Pazesh et al (2017) studied the relationship between comminution and amorphisation of α-latctose monohydrate particles during ball milling under different milling conditions using a planetary ball mill (PM100, RetschCo.) [1].…”

“…Pazesh et al (2017) studied the relationship between comminution and amorphisation of α-latctose monohydrate particles during ball milling under different milling conditions using a planetary ball mill (PM100, RetschCo.) [1]. A jar in the mill rotates twice per revolution of the sun wheel in a horizontal plane.…”