Common Garden Experiments to Characterize Cold Acclimation Responses in Plants from Different Climatic Regions

Malyshev, Andrey V.; Henry, Hugh A. L.; Kreyling, Jüergen

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-0844-8_7

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Detailed methods on these procedures in the context of frost adaptation can be found in Malyshev et al . (). Overall, the speed of evolution of local adaptation should always be evaluated to the same degree as species‐specific adaptations for theoretical considerations in ecology, such as coexistence theories.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…As tools to quantify local adaptation, we propose (i) establishment of multiple common gardens along latitudinal/altitudinal gradients, (ii) in situ additional climate manipulations, and (iii) manipulations in climate chambers. Detailed methods on these procedures in the context of frost adaptation can be found in Malyshev et al (2014). Overall, the speed of evolution of local adaptation should always be evaluated to the same degree as species-specific adaptations for theoretical considerations in ecology, such as coexistence theories.…”

Section: Local Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant responses to climatic extremes: within‐species variation equals among‐species variation

Malyshev

Khan

Beierkuhnlein

et al. 2015

Global Change Biology

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Within-species and among-species differences in growth responses to a changing climate have been well documented, yet the relative magnitude of within-species vs. among-species variation has remained largely unexplored. This missing comparison impedes our ability to make general predictions of biodiversity change and to project future species distributions using models. We present a direct comparison of among- versus within-species variation in response to three of the main stresses anticipated with climate change: drought, warming, and frost. Two earlier experiments had experimentally induced (i) summer drought and (ii) spring frost for four common European grass species and their ecotypes from across Europe. To supplement existing data, a third experiment was carried out, to compare variation among species from different functional groups to within-species variation. Here, we simulated (iii) winter warming plus frost for four grasses, two nonleguminous, and two leguminous forbs, in addition to eleven European ecotypes of the widespread grass Arrhenatherum elatius. For each experiment, we measured: (i) C/N ratio and biomass, (ii) chlorophyll content and biomass, and (iii) plant greenness, root (15) N uptake, and live and dead tissue mass. Using coefficients of variation (CVs) for each experiment and response parameter, a total of 156 within- vs. among-species comparisons were conducted, comparing within-species variation in each of four species with among-species variation for each seed origin (five countries). Of the six significant differences, within-species CVs were higher than among-species CVs in four cases. Partitioning of variance within each treatment in two of the three experiments showed that within-species variability (ecotypes) could explain an additional 9% of response variation after accounting for the among-species variation. Our observation that within-species variation was generally as high as among-species variation emphasizes the importance of including both within- and among-species variability in ecological theory (e.g., the insurance hypothesis) and for practical applications (e.g., biodiversity conservation).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Local Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant responses to climatic extremes: within‐species variation equals among‐species variation

Malyshev

Khan

Beierkuhnlein

et al. 2015

Global Change Biology

Self Cite

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“…Since the overall response of plants to abiotic and biotic stressors is determined by both environmental and genetic factors that act in combination, common garden experiments are needed in order to separate environmental from genetic effects on plant adaptive traits and to describe their interactions (Scheepens et al, 2010; Malyshev et al, 2014; de Villemereuil et al, 2016). In addition, provenance tests may contribute to the selection of suitable sources of reproductive material for future forest restoration and management activities (Bezděčková and Matějka, 2015; Carón et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive Diversity of Beech Seedlings Under Climate Change Scenarios

et al. 2019

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The ability of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) populations to adapt to the ongoing climate change is especially important in the southern part of Europe, where environmental change is expected to be more intense. In this study, we tested the existing adaptive potential of eight beech populations from two provenances in N.E. Greece (Evros and Drama) that show differences in their environmental conditions and biogeographical background. Seedling survival, growth and leaf phenological traits were selected as adaptive traits and were measured under simulated controlled climate change conditions in a growth chamber. Seedling survival was also tested under current conditions in the field. In the growth chamber, simulated conditions of temperature and precipitation for the year 2050 were applied for 3 years, under two different irrigation schemes, where the same amount of water was distributed either frequently (once every week) or non-frequently (once in 20 days). The results showed that beech seedlings were generally able to survive under climate change conditions and showed adaptive differences among provenances and populations. Furthermore, changes in the duration of the growing season of seedlings were recorded in the growth chamber, allowing them to avoid environmental stress and high selection pressure. Differences were observed between populations and provenances in terms of temporal distribution patterns of precipitation and temperature, rather than the average annual or monthly values of these measures. Additionally, different adaptive strategies appeared among beech seedlings when the same amount of water was distributed differently within each month. This indicates that the physiological response mechanisms of beech individuals are very complex and depend on several interacting parameters. For this reason, the choice of beech provenances for translocation and use in afforestation or reforestation projects should consider the small scale ecotypic diversity of the species and view multiple environmental and climatic parameters in connection to each other.

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“…To describe the patterns of diversity in quantitative adaptive traits among populations, plants belonging to different provenances need to be compared in specific common garden tests. When more tests are established on different sites under varying conditions, they can reveal provenance-environment interactions (Scheepens et al, 2010, Malyshev et al, 2014, de Villemereuil et al, 2016, contributing to the selection of reproductive material sources for future restoration and management activities (Carón et al, 2015, Bezděčková andMatějka 2015). Several provenance tests exist in Europe for beech, under field or glasshouse conditions (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive diversity of beech seedlings under climate change scenarios

Varsamis

Papageorgiou

Merou

et al. 2019

Preprint

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The ability of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) populations to adapt to the ongoing climate change is crucial for the maintenance of economic and social benefits and for the conservation of biodiversity in Europe and especially in the southeastern part of the continent, where environmental change is expected to be more intense. Beech populations in the region cover multiple ecological conditions at a small geographical range and have a complex biogeographical background involving several postglacial lineages originating from distant or local refugia. In this study, we tested the existing adaptive potential of eight beech populations from two provenances in N.E. Greece (Evros and Drama), under simulated controlled climate change conditions in a growth chamber and in the field. In the growth chamber, simulated conditions of temperature and precipitation for the year 2050 were applied for three years, under two different irrigation schemes, a non-frequent (A1) and a frequent one (A2). Seedling survival, growth and leaf phenological traits were used as adaptive traits. The results showed that beech seedlings were generally able to survive under climate change conditions and showed adaptive differences among provenances and populations. Furthermore, beech genotypes demonstrated an impressive phenotypic plasticity by changing the duration of their growing season allowing them to avoid environmental stress and high selection pressure. Different populations and provenances were connected with different adaptation strategies, that relate mainly to the temporal distribution patterns of precipitation and temperature, rather than the average annual or monthly values of these measures. Additionally, different adaptive strategies appeared among beech seedlings when the same amount of water was distributed differently within each month. This indicates that the physiological response mechanisms of beech individuals are very complex and depend on several interacting parameters. For this reason, the choice of beech provenances for translocation and use in afforestation or reforestation projects should consider the small scale ecotypic diversity of the species and view multiple environmental and climatic parameters in connection to each other.

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Common Garden Experiments to Characterize Cold Acclimation Responses in Plants from Different Climatic Regions

Cited by 6 publications

References 56 publications

Plant responses to climatic extremes: within‐species variation equals among‐species variation

Plant responses to climatic extremes: within‐species variation equals among‐species variation

Adaptive Diversity of Beech Seedlings Under Climate Change Scenarios

Adaptive diversity of beech seedlings under climate change scenarios

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