Communicative challenges of coaches in an elite-level sports system. Theoretical reflections on successfulcoaching strategies

Sexual Violence and the Coach–Athlete Relationship—a Scoping Review From Sport Sociological and Sport Psychological Perspectives

“…In addition to the development and use of guidelines, transparent communication and open negotiation between coaches and athletes about their roles, mutual expectations, and boundaries might help protect their well-being and prevent abuse. To enable successful, transparent communication—in other words, to achieve mutual understanding of an issue with communication partners—Borggrefe and Cachay ( 2013 , 2015 ) advise coaches to consider the different ways in which athletes might frame and understand the meaning of messages and to frame messages in a way that they are likely to be understood correctly as anticipated. Borggrefe and Cachay ( 2013 ) also encourage coaches to continuously reflect on their own ways of understanding and behaving in interpersonal communication.…”

“…To enable successful, transparent communication—in other words, to achieve mutual understanding of an issue with communication partners—Borggrefe and Cachay ( 2013 , 2015 ) advise coaches to consider the different ways in which athletes might frame and understand the meaning of messages and to frame messages in a way that they are likely to be understood correctly as anticipated. Borggrefe and Cachay ( 2013 ) also encourage coaches to continuously reflect on their own ways of understanding and behaving in interpersonal communication. In particular, for the current topic under consideration, coaches should question if their way of behaving and communicating might be appropriate for themselves but unpleasant or harassing in athletes' understanding 7 .…”

“…Coaches undoubtedly perform a key function in the training, promotion, and safeguarding of athletes, especially in competitive sport for children and youth. Research on the interactions between coaches and (youth) athletes has shown that a performance-enhancing, motivating climate is based on mutual commitment, trust, sympathy, and participatory decision-making (Jowett, 2007 ; Borggrefe and Cachay, 2013 ; Duda and Appleton, 2016 ). Relationships between coaches and young athletes thus are often characterized by strong emotional binding and social closeness.…”

“Coach Really Knew What I Needed and Understood Me Well as a Person”: Effective Communication Acts in Coach–Athlete Interactions among Korean Olympic Archers

“…Borggrefe and Cachay [35] analyzed the communication between coaches and athletes from the perspective of Niklas Luhmann's systems theory, which appears well suited for not only demonstrating the complexity of the communication, but also for developing successful coaching strategies. This study asserts that, in the context of the systems theory, communication must be understood as a three-part selection process, which includes, information, utterance, and understanding [36].…”