Community-designed, built and managed toilet blocks in Indian cities

Burra, Sundar; Patel, Sheela T.

doi:10.1630/095624703101286691

Cited by 43 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…Findings from Bukom suggest that such low household sanitation coverage persists even after many years of residency in a neighbourhood. Focus group respondents and public toilet exit interviewees mostly attributed this to lack of space for toilet construction rather than insecure land tenure, although again, comparing the characteristics of respondents in our household survey 26. see reference 16, Wegelinschuringa and Kodo (1997) and Burra et al (2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public toilets and their customers in low-income Accra, Ghana

Peprah¹,

Baker²,

Moe³

et al. 2015

Environment and Urbanization

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Public pay-per-use toilets are the only alternative to open defecation for a significant number of people in many low-income, urban neighbourhoods where insecure tenure, space constraints, and/or cost make private sanitation facilities unfeasible. This study explores public toilet use, characteristics of public toilet customers and possible improvements to public toilet facilities in four neighbourhoods in Accra, Ghana, the country with the highest reliance on shared sanitation facilities globally. Reliance on public toilets ranged considerably depending on neighbourhood affluence, but even some people living in compounds with a private toilet used a public toilet. The vast majority of users were adults. Few public toilet customers could foresee owning a household toilet in the coming year, mostly because of lack of space, and they voiced desires for more and cleaner public toilets with better provision of handwashing facilities. Improved accessibility and management of public toilets, along with facilities more suitable for children, could reduce open defecation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public toilets and their customers in low-income Accra, Ghana

Peprah¹,

Baker²,

Moe³

et al. 2015

Environment and Urbanization

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“…Sanitation continues to be largely neglected in many developing countries' poverty reduction strategy papers and government-backed sanitation initiatives, where they exist, often prioritize flush and discharge systems over low cost or community-based alternatives; regardless of demand for them by potential users or their appropriateness within local socioeconomic, political, cultural and geographical contexts (Burra et al, 2003: Hanchett et al, 2003Satterthwaite, 2003: Black andFawcett, 2008;McFarlane, 2008a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In more densely populated slums where there is no scope for individual latrines, local communities are sometimes happy to pay a small daily charge to use a clean, well-maintained block of public toilets (Burra et al, 2003;Hanchett et al, 2003;McFarlane, 2008a). Such blocks have also been shown to be socio-economically appropriate and environmentally sustainable where local communities play a major role in their construction and management (Hasan, 2002: Burra et al, 2003.…”

Section: The Dangers Of Open Defecationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such blocks have also been shown to be socio-economically appropriate and environmentally sustainable where local communities play a major role in their construction and management (Hasan, 2002: Burra et al, 2003. Conversely, many "top down" donor-or governmentfunded sanitation projects have failed because they discovered that demand for community toilets or funds for their upkeep were insufficient for users to commit to the time and expense of maintaining them (Satterthwaite, 2003: Burra et al, 2003Davis, 2006;Black andFawcett, 2008 McFarlane, 2008a). A major stumbling block is that open defecation is free of (financial) cost and if improved sanitation turns out to be an unpleasant experience, many will soon stop paying to use/maintain it and will revert to open defecation or "wrap and throw" where open spaces are hard to come by.…”

Section: The Dangers Of Open Defecationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geographies of shit

Jewitt

2011

Progress in Human Geography

137

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“…This has demonstrated the collective spatial meaning of neighbourhood (Martin, 2003) and the uniqueness of communal toilet with the community's sense of belonging and control (Burra, Patel & Kerr, 2003). The structuring on the use of space and time is developed based on the needs of the communities, and the resources available as collective provision.…”

Section: Collective Patterns Of Use In Communal Toiletmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collective Spatial Strategies in Urban Kampung Communal Toilet

Yatmo

Atmodiwirjo

2018

ajE-Bs

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Living in a high density urban kampung with limited space and resources involves challenges to meet basic service needs. Various collective spatial systems represent the community strategies in dealing with their limited situation. This paper addresses the communal toilet system in urban kampung as a collective spatial system developed by the community. The study identifies various spatial strategies incorporated within the system, as well as social structures embedded within the spatial practice. The understanding of spatial and social system in the communal toilet system provides some insights for the development of appropriate spatial strategies for urban kampung communities.

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Community-designed, built and managed toilet blocks in Indian cities

Cited by 43 publications

References 0 publications

Public toilets and their customers in low-income Accra, Ghana

Public toilets and their customers in low-income Accra, Ghana

Geographies of shit

Collective Spatial Strategies in Urban Kampung Communal Toilet

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