Companion and Point-of-Care Sensor System for Rapid Multiplexed Detection of a Panel of Infectious Disease Markers

Abstract

A nanochannel-based electrochemical biosensor has been demonstrated for rapid and multiplexed detection of a panel of three biomarkers associated with rapid detection of sepsis. The label-free biosensor detected procalcitonin (PCT), lipoteichoic acid (LTA), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from human whole blood. The biosensor comprises a nanoporous nylon membrane integrated onto a microelectrode sensor platform for nanoconfinement effects. Charge perturbations due to biomarker binding are recorded as impedance changes using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The measured impedance change is used to quantitatively determine the concentration of the three biomarkers using antibody receptors from the tested sample. We were successful in detecting and quantifying the three biomarkers from whole blood. The limit of detection was 0.1 ng/mL for PCT and 1 µg/mL for LPS and LTA. The sensor was able to demonstrate a dynamic range of detection from 01.1 ng/mL to 10 µg/mL for PCT and from 1 µg/mL to 1000 µg/mL for LPS and LTA biomarkers. This novel technology has promising preliminary results toward the design of sensors for rapid and sensitive detection of the three panel biomarkers in whole blood toward diagnosis and classification of sepsis.

Differential Markers of Bacterial and Viral Infections in Children for Point-of-Care Testing

“…Multiplex microfluidics for protein-based biomarkers are often integrated with immunoassay methodology. This approach has been used, for instance, to detect CRP and PCT to diagnose sepsis [ 90 , 91 ]. Another example is a paper-based microfluidics device that uses a unique 3D paper structure to detect multiple biomarkers (the design concept illustrated in Figure 2 C3) [ 92 ].…”

Development of a Gold Nanoparticle-Based Colorimetric Sensor for Water for Injection At-Line Impurity Testing

“…This test is commonly used and formalized in the European, United States, and Japanese Pharmacopeias as the bacterial endotoxin test. 12–15 A previous study reported a shift in the maximum absorbance wavelength of 1 nm. 30 Since the resolution limit of the used plate reader is 2 nm, an aberrance in the spectrum was neither detected nor considered.…”

“…Endotoxins, which are also called lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) from a chemical point of view, present a major hazard, because they are known to cause sepsis in humans. 3,4 It is estimated that sepsis potentially leads to about 6 million deaths per year worldwide. 5…”

Stimuli-Responsive Nanodiamond-Based Biosensor for Enhanced Metastatic Tumor Site Detection

“…While there are a number of methods available for the detection of cancer biomarkers, these biomarkers are most often identified as genes, microRNA, or proteins that are uniquely expressed or silenced in metastatic cancer. 5–12 Such biomarkers include heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin), and death-associated protein kinase (DAPK). 13–15 Many of these biomarkers were identified through increased understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of metastasis progression.…”