Comparative analysis of two complete Corynebacterium ulcerans genomes and detection of candidate virulence factors

Trost, Eva; Al-Dilaimi, Arwa; Papavasiliou, Panagiotis; Schneider, Jessica; Viehöver, Prisca; Burkovski, Andreas; Soares, Siomar C.; Almeida, Síntia; Dorella, Fernanda Alves; Miyoshi, Anderson; Azevedo, Vasco; Schneider, Maria Paula Cruz; Silva, Artur M. S.; Santos, Cíntia Silva; Santos, Louisy Sanches dos; Sabbadini, Priscila Soares; Dias, André Alves; Hirata, Raphael; Mattos‐Guaraldi, Ana Luíza; Tauch, Andreas

doi:10.1186/1471-2164-12-383

Cited by 92 publications

(150 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…On the other hand, several proteins encoded by genes in the prophage region of C. diphtheriae 31A are homologous to those identified in prophage CULC22IV, which is present in the genome of the closely related tox-negative strain C. ulcerans BR-AD22. The respective prophage has a size of 41 kb, comprises 53 genes, and has been integrated into a tRNA Thr gene of Corynebacterium ulcerans (79). It has been proposed previously that the diphtheria toxin gene was acquired by corynephage ␤ due to the terminal location of tox in the genome of the prophage and the significantly decreased GϩC content of this gene region (7).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pangenomic Study of Corynebacterium diphtheriae That Provides Insights into the Genomic Diversity of Pathogenic Isolates from Cases of Classical Diphtheria, Endocarditis, and Pneumonia

et al. 2012

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Corynebacterium diphtheriae is one of the most prominent human pathogens and the causative agent of the communicable disease diphtheria. The genomes of 12 strains isolated from patients with classical diphtheria, endocarditis, and pneumonia were completely sequenced and annotated. Including the genome of C. diphtheriae NCTC 13129, we herewith present a comprehensive comparative analysis of 13 strains and the first characterization of the pangenome of the species C. diphtheriae . Comparative genomics showed extensive synteny and revealed a core genome consisting of 1,632 conserved genes. The pangenome currently comprises 4,786 protein-coding regions and increases at an average of 65 unique genes per newly sequenced strain. Analysis of prophages carrying the diphtheria toxin gene tox revealed that the toxoid vaccine producer C. diphtheriae Park-Williams no. 8 has been lysogenized by two copies of the ω tox + phage, whereas C. diphtheriae 31A harbors a hitherto-unknown tox + corynephage. DNA binding sites of the tox -controlling regulator DtxR were detected by genome-wide motif searches. Comparative content analysis showed that the DtxR regulons exhibit marked differences due to gene gain, gene loss, partial gene deletion, and DtxR binding site depletion. Most predicted pathogenicity islands of C. diphtheriae revealed characteristics of horizontal gene transfer. The majority of these islands encode subunits of adhesive pili, which can play important roles in adhesion of C. diphtheriae to different host tissues. All sequenced isolates contain at least two pilus gene clusters. It appears that variation in the distributed genome is a common strategy of C. diphtheriae to establish differences in host-pathogen interactions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pangenomic Study of Corynebacterium diphtheriae That Provides Insights into the Genomic Diversity of Pathogenic Isolates from Cases of Classical Diphtheria, Endocarditis, and Pneumonia

et al. 2012

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“…The primers used for atpA, dnaA, fusA, odhA, and rpoB are identical with the ones used for C. diphtheriae. The primers used for dnaK and leuA were adapted to C. ulcerans according to the genome of C. ulcerans 809 (19) and are given in Table 1. We were able to amplify all MLST loci, atpA (1,029 bp), dnaA (581 bp), fusA (683 bp), odhA (505 bp), rpoB (845 bp), dnaK (687 bp), and leuA (864 bp), using two different PCR cycling conditions.…”

Section: Allelic Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We obtained 4 atpA, 6 dnaE, 5 dnaK, 3 fusA, 7 leuA, 4 odhA, and 4 rpoB alleles. Additionally, we extracted the sequences of the MLST loci from the published C. ulcerans genomic sequences of isolates 809 (NC_017317.1) (19), BR-AD22 (NC_015683) (19), 0102 (NC_018101.1) (24), and FRC58 (NZ_AYTI00000000) (25) as well as from 7 isolates sequenced in one of the projects at the NCLoD (D. M. Meinel, G. Margos, R. Konrad, S. Krebs, H. Blum, and A. Sing, unpublished data).…”

Section: Allelic Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilocus Sequence Typing of Corynebacterium ulcerans Provides Evidence for Zoonotic Transmission and for Increased Prevalence of Certain Sequence Types among Toxigenic Strains

König¹,

Meinel²,

Margos³

et al. 2014

J Clin Microbiol

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b Human-to-human-transmitted Corynebacterium diphtheriae was historically the main pathogen causing diphtheria and has therefore been studied extensively in the past. More recently, diphtheria caused by toxigenic Corynebacterium ulcerans is an emerging disease in several industrial countries, including the United Kingdom, the United States, France, and Germany. However, toxigenic C. ulcerans has so far been almost neglected in the development of epidemiologic tools. One of the most important tools in modern epidemiology to understand transmission pathways is sequence typing of pathogens. Here, we provide a protocol for multilocus sequence typing (MLST) to type C. ulcerans strains rapidly and relatively cost-effectively. Applying MLST to C. ulcerans for the first time, we show that related sequence types (STs) might be associated with the presence of the diphtheria toxin gene, which encodes diphtheria toxin (DT), the most important diphtheria-causing virulence factor. Interestingly, we found only two very closely related STs in the isolates derived from six dogs. Additionally, our data show that all STs derived from animals which were at least twice present in our analysis were found in humans as well. This finding is congruent with zoonotic transmission of C. ulcerans.

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“…Salient highlights from completed genome projects include the following. (i) Virulence genes associated with the production of neuraminidase and phospholipase D in C. ulcerans and C. pseudotuberculosis were elucidated (48,50). (ii) The lack of mycolates in species may be due to the loss of a condensase gene cluster and mycolate reductase gene (46).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Genus Corynebacterium and Other Medically Relevant Coryneform-Like Bacteria

2012

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Catalase-positive Gram-positive bacilli, commonly called “diphtheroids” or “coryneform” bacteria were historically nearly always dismissed as contaminants when recovered from patients, but increasingly have been implicated as the cause of significant infections. These taxa have been underreported, and the taxa were taxonomically confusing. The mechanisms of pathogenesis, especially for newly described taxa, were rarely studied. Antibiotic susceptibility data were relatively scant. In this minireview, clinical relevance, phenotypic and genetic identification methods, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight (MALDI-TOF) evaluations, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing involving species in the genus Corynebacterium and other medically relevant Gram-positive rods, collectively called coryneforms, are described.

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Comparative analysis of two complete Corynebacterium ulcerans genomes and detection of candidate virulence factors

Cited by 92 publications

References 80 publications

Pangenomic Study of Corynebacterium diphtheriae That Provides Insights into the Genomic Diversity of Pathogenic Isolates from Cases of Classical Diphtheria, Endocarditis, and Pneumonia

Pangenomic Study of Corynebacterium diphtheriae That Provides Insights into the Genomic Diversity of Pathogenic Isolates from Cases of Classical Diphtheria, Endocarditis, and Pneumonia

Multilocus Sequence Typing of Corynebacterium ulcerans Provides Evidence for Zoonotic Transmission and for Increased Prevalence of Certain Sequence Types among Toxigenic Strains

The Genus Corynebacterium and Other Medically Relevant Coryneform-Like Bacteria

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