Comparative evaluation of an inorganic and a commercial chelated copper source in Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone) fed diets containing phytic acid

The effect of copper nanoparticles supplementation on freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii post larvae

“…In the present study, significant increment of Cu in all diets and prawns showed that, supplementation of graded amount of dietary Cu-NPs can promote the consumption and it led to more accumulation Cu in prawns. Similarly, the significant elevation of whole body Cu has been reported in, H. discus hannai, L. vannamei, and M. rosenbergii when fed to graded level of Cu supplemented feeds [7,12,40].…”

Effects of different dietary copper sources on the growth and intestinal microbial communities of Pacific white shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei )

“…As Cu sulphate is traditional dietary copper additive, and copper amino acid complex is a novel form. Some studies have demonstrated that the bioavailability of organic chelated copper is higher than copper inorganic salts in fish such as Acipenser gueldenstaedtii (Wang et al, ), Carassius auratus gibelio (Shao et al, ), Epinephelus malabaricus (Lin et al, ), Ictalurus punctatus (Paripatananont & Lovell, ), Oncorhynchus mykiss (Apines et al, ; Apines‐Amar et al, ) and crustaceans such as L. vannamei (Bharadwaj et al, ). Therefore, higher bioavailability of copper amino acid complex may be due to its higher absorption or additional biological effects compared to inorganic Cu salts, but the specific reason is not clear.…”

“…There have been numerous studies in fish demonstrating higher availability of trace minerals from organic sources (Apines, Satoh, Kiron, Watanabe, & Aoki, ; Apines‐Amar et al, ; Lin, Shih, Kent, & Shiau, ; Shao et al, ). Recently, organic forms of copper have been found to be more effective than copper sulphate in Pacific white shrimp (Bharadwaj et al, ). Copper is known to be selectively toxic to certain species of bacteria (Silver & Phung, ), and copper sulphate is one of the traditional inorganic antibacterial materials.…”

Effects of dietary zinc sources and levels on growth performance, tissue zinc retention and antioxidant response of juvenile common carp ( Cyprinus carpio var. Jian) fed diets containing phytic acid

“…Savolainen and Gatlin () showed that Zn‐M acts as efficient Zn source, with bioavailability similar to zinc from Zn‐S, and was also a good methionine (Met) source with similar availability to L‐Methionine. Bharadwaj et al () and Wang et al () also reported that another Mintrex ® trace mineral‐ Mintrex ® copper showed higher bioavailability in Pacific white shrimp and Japanese seabass ( Lateolabrax japonicas ) that were fed a semi‐purified diet containing phytic acid or a practical diet, respectively. The aims of the present study were to re‐evaluate the requirement of Zn in common carp and to investigate the relative bioavailability (RBV) of Zn‐M and Zn‐S from semi‐purified diets containing phytic acid.…”

“…), which might underestimate the requirement of Zn when an inorganic salt is used as Zn source due to the idealized availability of minerals, and the assumption is made without considering endogenous losses or uptake from water (Antony Jesu Prabhu et al, ). The key difference between organic and inorganic trace minerals is the stability under the presence of dietary antagonists such as phytic acid in plant proteins or tricalcium phosphate in fishmeal (Bharadwaj, Patnaik, Browdy, & Lawrence, ; Ma et al, ; Satoh, Tabata, Izume, Takeuchi, & Watanabe, ). On the other hand, a practical unrefined ingredient‐based diet with high level of dietary antagonists might inhibit Zn availability, leading to an overestimation of zinc requirements (Do Carmo E Sà et al, ; Fountoulaki et al, ; Wang et al, ).…”