Comparative pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin in healthy and <i>Aeromonas hydrophila‐</i>infected crucian carp (<i>Carassius auratus gibelio</i>)

Fan, Jianghong; Qi, Shihua; Wang, J.; Liu, S.; Li, L.; Zheng, Guangming

doi:10.1111/jvp.12392

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In the present study, the AUC ratio of CIP and ENF in largemouth bass plasma was 2.37%. In crucian carp, CIP could be detected in plasma with an AUC ratio of 2.94% following oral dose (Fan, Shan, Wang, Liu, & Zheng, ). In catfish, the AUC ratio of CIP and ENF was 3.03% (Phu et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics and tissue residues of enrofloxacin in the largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) after oral administration

Qi¹,

Wang

Zheng³

et al. 2019

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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The study was carried out to evaluate the pharmacokinetic disposition of enrofloxacin (ENF) with a single dose of 20 mg/kg after oral administration in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) at 28°C. The concentrations of ENF and of its metabolite ciprofloxacin (CIP) in plasma, liver, and muscle plus skin in natural proportions were determined using HPLC. The concentration–time data for ENF in plasma were best described by a two‐compartment open model. After oral administration, the maximum ENF concentration (Cmax) of 10.99 μg/ml was obtained at 0.60 hr. The absorption half‐life (T1/2Ka) of ENF was calculated to be 0.07 hr whereas the elimination half‐life (T1/2β) of the drug was 90.79 hr. The estimates of area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) and apparent volume of distribution (Vd/F) were 1,185.73 μg hr/ml and 2.21 L/kg, respectively. ENF residues were slowly depleted from the liver and muscle plus skin of largemouth bass with the T1/2β of 124.73 and 115.14 hr, respectively. Very low levels of ciprofloxacin were detected in the plasma and tissues. A withdrawal time of 24 days was necessary to ensure that the residues of ENF + CIP in muscle plus skin were less than the maximal residue limit (MRL) of 100 μg/kg established by the European Union.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics and tissue residues of enrofloxacin in the largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) after oral administration

Qi¹,

Wang

Zheng³

et al. 2019

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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“…These drugs act by preventing DNA supercoiling through the inhibition of bacterial DNA gyrase (Dimitrova, Haritova, Dinev, Moutafchieva, & Lashev, ). The pharmacokinetics of several fluoroquinolones have previously been reported in fish species, including difloxacin in gibel carp (Cao, Zhang, He, Zheng, & Yang, ), sarafloxacin in crucian carp (Fang, Zhou, & Liu, 2016b), and enrofloxacin in grass carp (Xu, Wang, Yang, & Lu, ), Nile tilapia (Teles, Branco, Del Bianchi, Pilarski, & Reyes, ), snakehead fish (Fang et al., ), and crucian carp (Fan et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…And its systemic availability after parenteral dose was not available in fish. In addition, some studies showed that the pharmacokinetics of fluoroquinolones may be affected by factors, such as species specificity, health condition, age and size, water temperature, salinity, routes of drug administration, and other experimental conditions (Cao et al., ; Dimitrova et al., ; Fan et al., ; Martinez et al., ). Therefore, it is necessary to study the pharmacokinetics of orbifloxacin in other fish species and/or under other routes of administration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics of orbifloxacin in crucian carp (Carassius auratus) after intravenous and intramuscular administration

Yang

Wang

Shi

et al. 2018

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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The pharmacokinetics of orbifloxacin was studied after a single dose (7.5 mg/kg) of intravenous or intramuscular administration to crucian carp (Carassius auratus) reared in freshwater at 25°C. Plasma samples were collected from six fish per sampling point. Orbifloxacin concentrations were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with a 0.02 μg/ml limit of detection, then were subjected to noncompartmental analysis. After intravenous injection, initial concentration of 5.83 μg/ml, apparent elimination rate constant (λ ) of 0.039 hr , apparent elimination half-life (T ) of 17.90 hr, systemic total body clearance (Cl) of 75.47 ml hr kg , volume of distribution (Vz) of 1,948.76 ml/kg, and volume of distribution at steady-state (Vss) of 1,863.97 ml/kg were determined, respectively. While after intramuscular administration, the λ , T , mean absorption time (MAT), absorption half-life (T ), and bioavailability were determined as 0.027 hr , 25.69, 10.26, 7.11 hr, and 96.46%, respectively, while the peak concentration was observed as 3.11 ± 0.06 μg/ml at 2.0 hr. It was shown that orbifloxacin was completely but relatively slowly absorbed, extensively distributed, and slowly eliminated in crucian carp, and an orbifloxacin dosage of 10 mg/kg administered intravenously or intramuscularly would be expected to successfully treat crucian carp infected by strains with MIC values ≤0.5 μg/ml.

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“…Enrofloxacin serves as a last-line treatment in aquaculture, and it effectively treats the bacterial infections caused by F. columnare (6), A. hydrophila (9), and A. sobria (10). The plasma pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin has been reported in some fish species, such as crucian carp (11,12), large yellow croaker (13), tilapia (14), snakehead fish (15), brown turbot (16), and salmonids (17). In addition to those pharmacokinetics studies, the tissue distribution of enrofloxacin has also been reported in aquaculture species, including northern snakeheads (18), rainbow trout (19,20), grass carp (21), largemouth bass (22), and pacu (23).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Distribution of Enrofloxacin Following Single Oral Administration in Yellow River Carp (Cyprinus carpio haematoperus)

et al. 2022

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The pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of enrofloxacin were determined in Yellow River carp (Cyprinus carpio haematopterus) reared at 20°C after single oral administration of enrofloxacin at 10 mg·kg−1 body weight (BW). Plasma, bile, and different tissue samples, including liver, kidney, gill, gut, and skin-muscle, were collected at predetermined times points. An HPLC method was developed to simultaneously determine the concentrations of enrofloxacin and its metabolite, ciprofloxacin. However, ciprofloxacin was only detectable in some liver samples with trace levels. Then the average enrofloxacin concentrations vs. time data were subjected to a non-compartmental analysis using WinNonLin 5.2 software. Multiple peaking profiles were observed in all enrofloxacin concentration-time curves. The peak concentration (Cmax) values were observed as 0.79, 1.01, 2.09, 2.85, 4.34, 10.78, and 13.07 μg·ml−1 (or g−1) in plasma, skin-muscle, gill, kidney, liver, bile, and gut, respectively, and the corresponding time to reach peak concentration (Tmax) was 8, 8, 1, 8, 1, 72, and 4 h, respectively. The values of elimination half-life (T1/2λZ) of enrofloxacin in different tissues was in the following order: gill (291.13 h) > liver (222.29 h) > kidney (157.22 h) > plasma (129.44 h) > gut (91.47 h) > skin-muscle (87.77 h) > bile (86.22 h). The present results showed that enrofloxacin had a wide distribution in different tissues, however slow absorption and elimination in Yellow River carp. Additionally, enrofloxacin exhibited large distribution in bile, indicating that bile excretion might be the primary elimination route of enrofloxacin in Yellow River carp. A withdrawal period was calculated as 379.2 °C-day for single oral dosing of enrofloxacin at 10 mg/kg BW. Based on the calculated PK/PD indices of AUC/MIC or Cmax/MIC, the current enrofloxacin dosing regimen might have a positive therapeutic effect on the infection of Flavobacterium columnare, Aeromonas sobria, or Aeromonas hydrophila. However, the depletion study following multiple oral doses should be carried out in Yellow River carp reared at lower temperatures, and the withdrawal period should also be further calculated.

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Comparative pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin in healthy and Aeromonas hydrophila‐infected crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio)

Cited by 20 publications

References 17 publications

Pharmacokinetics and tissue residues of enrofloxacin in the largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) after oral administration

Pharmacokinetics and tissue residues of enrofloxacin in the largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) after oral administration

Pharmacokinetics of orbifloxacin in crucian carp (Carassius auratus) after intravenous and intramuscular administration

Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Distribution of Enrofloxacin Following Single Oral Administration in Yellow River Carp (Cyprinus carpio haematoperus)

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