Comparative physiological and serotoninergic properties of pulvinar neurons in the monkey, cat and ferret

Monckton, James E.; McCormick, David A.

doi:10.1016/s1472-9288(03)00022-0

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…However, it is important to remark that HAGPA is a cellular mechanism, and that the functional implications of integrating it in the active network have not yet been explored. To our knowledge, I h has not been specifically characterized in monkey prefrontal cortex, although it has been identified in monkey pulvinar (37), and h-channels are present in the human brain (38), consistent with I h and HAGPA also being present in primate prefrontal cortex. Although we cannot provide statistical information at this stage, we have occasionally recorded HAGPA in somatosensory and visual cortex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Hyperpolarization-activated graded persistent activity in the prefrontal cortex

Winograd

Destexhe

Sanchez-Vives

2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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We describe a phenomenon of hyperpolarization-activated graded persistent activity (HAGPA) in prefrontal cortex neurons. Successive hyperpolarizing pulses induced increasingly higher rates of tonic firing that remained stable for tens of seconds, allowing the neuron to retain a memory of the previous history of stimulation. This phenomenon occurred at the cellular level and in the absence of neuromodulators. Neurons with HAGPA had a sag during hyperpolarization, and blocking h-current eliminated the sag and prevented HAGPA, suggesting that the activation of this hyperpolarization-activated cationic current was necessary for the occurrence of the phenomenon. A single-neuron biophysical model including h-current modulation by intracellular calcium was able to display HAGPA. This form of neuronal memory not only allows the transformation of inhibition into an increase of firing rate, but also endows neurons with a mechanism to compute the properties of successive inputs into persistent activity, thus solving a difficult computational problem.cortex in vitro ͉ cortical model ͉ h current ͉ memory intrinsic mechanisms ͉ slow temporal integration P ersistent activity refers to the firing of a neuron or neural circuit that exceeds the duration of a stimulus, persisting after the stimulus has terminated (1-3). Persistent firing can emerge from a reverberatory neural network with recurrent connections (4-7), or be achieved by cellular, intrinsic mechanisms without the involvement of the network (8-10). These mechanisms should be able to constantly maintain a certain level of activity, and they are crucial to generate functions such are working memory (6, 11) or ocular movements (12,13). A more sophisticated system should also regulate the rate of persistent activity depending on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the preceding stimulation, therefore supporting complex mnemonic processes. An example of intrinsically generated graded persistent activity has been described in enthorinal (9) and amygdalar (14) neurons, its occurrence requiring the presence of cholinergic agonists (9, 15). In that case, neurons maintain a constant firing rate that gradually increases with the repetition of depolarizing pulses, therefore maintaining different levels of activity depending on the number of previous stimuli.In this study, we demonstrate that a different kind of graded persistent activity rooted in cellular mechanisms occurs in neurons of the prefrontal cortex in the absence of neuromodulators. Results Hyperpolarization-Activated Graded Persistent Activity in PrefrontalNeurons. One hundred and sixty-five neurons intracellularly recorded from ferret (n ϭ 40), rat (n ϭ 120), and guinea-pig (n ϭ 5) prefrontal cortex were included in this study. All neurons had overshooting action potentials, resting membrane potentials between Ϫ65 and Ϫ75 mV, and an average input resistance of 41.3 Ϯ 2.4 M⍀.While recording from neurons with tonic discharge, we observed that some neurons would increase their tonic firing frequency afte...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Hyperpolarization-activated graded persistent activity in the prefrontal cortex

Winograd

Destexhe

Sanchez-Vives

2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Especially problematic, for example, is the varying affinities and distances from transmitter release of multiple subtypes of receptors for the same neurotransmitter, the ability of some neurotransmitter systems to activate opposing postsynaptic responses (e.g. opening one K + current while closing another), the ability of synapses to release more than one transmitter [33], species specific differences in the response of neurons to a given transmitter [34,35], and the dependence of the response of a neuron to a neurotransmitter on the state of activation of other neurotransmitter receptors on that neuron [36]. The recent use of optogenetics to release neurotransmitters from selective terminals will enhance our understanding of the cellular mechanisms of state control.…”

Section: Neurotransmitter Systems Involved In State Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural control of brain state

Zagha

McCormick

2014

Current Opinion in Neurobiology

157

124

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How the brain takes in information, makes a decision, and acts on this decision is strongly influenced by the ongoing and constant fluctuations of state. Understanding the nature of these brain states and how they are controlled is critical to making sense of how the nervous system operates, both normally and abnormally. While broadly projecting neuromodulatory systems acting through metabotropic pathways have long been appreciated to be critical for determining brain state, more recent investigations have revealed a prominent role for fast acting neurotransmitter pathways for temporally and spatially precise control of neural processing. Corticocortical and thalamocortical glutamatergic projections can rapidly and precisely control brain state by changing both the nature of ongoing activity and by controlling the gain and precision of neural responses.

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“…In addition, the level of extracellular serotonin is consistent with the pattern of discharge in dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) serotonergic neurons which show the highest firing rate during wakefulness, followed by a decrease during SWS and by virtual electrical silence during PS sleep (Jacobs and Fornal 1999;Portas et al 2000;Saper et al 2001). Serotonergic regulation of the sleep/wake cycle involves a number of 5-HT receptor subtypes, and the role of 5-HT 1A , 5-HT 1B , 5-HT 2A , 5-HT 2C , 5-HT 3 and 5-HT 7 receptors has been demonstrated by several studies (Borbely et al 1988;Monti and Jantos 1992;Monti et al 1995Monti et al , 1999Kantor et al 2000Kantor et al , 2002Andrade 2001a, 2001b;Filakovszky et al 2001;Monckton and McCormick 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%