Comparative toxicity, phytochemistry, and use of 53 Philippine medicinal plants

Clemen-Pascual, Lydia M.; Macahig, Rene Angelo Sarmiento; Rojas, Nina Rosario L.

doi:10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.12.002

Cited by 33 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 141 publications

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“…They studied various parts of the same plant and reported that cytotoxicity level varies with plant parts. Previously, alkaloids had also been reported for higher toxicity [ 45 ]. Alkaloids including boldine, caffeoylcholine, glycocitridine, anabasamine, and convolidine were tentatively identified only in Muntries.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemicals, Antioxidant Activities, and Toxicological Screening of Native Australian Fruits Using Zebrafish Embryonic Model

Ali

Kiloni

Cáceres-Vélez

et al. 2022

Foods

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Phytochemicals play a pivotal role in human health and drug discovery. The safety evaluation of plant extracts is a prerequisite to ensure that all phytochemicals are safe before translational development and human exposure. As phytochemicals are natural, they are generally considered safe, although this is not always true. The objective of this study was to investigate and compare the phytochemical composition, antioxidant potential, and safety evaluation of native Australian Muntries (Kunzea pomifera), Kakadu plum (Terminalia ferdinandiana), Davidson plum (Davidsonia) and Quandong peach (Santalum acuminatum) through the in vivo vertebrate zebrafish embryonic model. The highest total phenolic content (TPC; 793.89 ± 22.27 μg GAE/mg) was quantified in Kakadu plum, while the lowest TPC (614.44 ± 31.80 μg GAE/mg) was quantified in Muntries. Developmental alterations, mortality, and morbidity were assessed for toxicological screening of these selected native Australian fruit extracts. In this study, muntries were quantified as having the least LC50 value (169 mg/L) compared to Davidson plum (376 mg/L), Kakadu plum (>480 mg/L), and Quandong peach (>480 mg/L), which indicates that muntries extract was more toxic than other fruit extracts. Importantly, we found that adverse effects were not correlated to the total phenolic content and antioxidant potential of these native Australian fruits and cannot simply be predicted from the in vitro analysis. Conclusively, these selected native Australian fruit extracts are categorized as safe. This study could explore the use of these native Australian fruits in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and drug discovery.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemicals, Antioxidant Activities, and Toxicological Screening of Native Australian Fruits Using Zebrafish Embryonic Model

Ali

Kiloni

Cáceres-Vélez

et al. 2022

Foods

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“…According to scientific reports, any compound or drug with the oral LD50 estimate greater than 1 g/kg could be considered less toxic and safe. 25 Arising from this documented evidence, the hot tea infusion of Moringa stenopetala leaves at an oral dose of 5 g/kg could be seen as moderately safe on acute exposure. The present findings reveal that the hot tea infusion has blood glucose-lowering and antioxidant effects with wide safety of margin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Several phytomolecules, including flavonoids, total phenolic compounds, alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, glycolipids, dietary fibers, polysaccharides, peptidoglycans, carbohydrates, amino acids, and others obtained from various plant sources, have been reported as potent hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic agents. 25 Alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins, which are present in the hot tea infusion of the leaves of Moringa stenopetala , have been linked with the antidiabetic activity of Moringa stenopetala leaves. 18 , 26 At this juncture, however, it is practically impossible to determine the specific phytochemical that bring about the detected antihyperglycemic activity of the Moringa stenopetala leaves of hot tea infusion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antidiabetic Activity of Hot Tea Infusion of Leaves of Moringa stenopetala in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Toma¹

2022

JEP

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Background Moringa stenopetala is a traditionally used medicinal plant that has been used for the management of different disorders including diabetes in Ethiopia. This study was aimed to assess the antidiabetic activity of hot tea infusion of leaves of Moringa stenopetala in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods Experimental animals were Wistar male rats aged 4–6 weeks weighing 200–250 gram. The animals were maintained in equal light/dark series of laboratory conditions, and the average ambient temperature was 23±2 °C. The hot tea infusion of Moringa stenopetala leaves of different concentrations (as fine and coarse powder decoction), distilled water (10 mL/kg), and 150 mg/kg body weight of metformin were administered to diabetic rats as test, negative control, and positive standard drugs, respectively. Sucrose oral challenge test was also carried out to assess the effect of Moringa stenopetala hot tea infusion on postprandial glucose level. Blood glucose level was measured at 0, 30, 60, 90, and 180 minutes. Statistical analysis was conducted by SPSS package version 23, and the p -value less than 0.05 was declared as level of statistical significance. Results The phytoconstituents that tested positive in hot tea infusion of Moringa stenopetala leaves were alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, and terpenoids. Different experimental groups treated with the hot tea infusion of Moringa stenopetala leaves showed significant reduction of blood glucose level after 30 minutes of hot tea infusion administration. In addition, the hot tea infusion at a different concentration for both fine and coarse powders reduced significantly raised blood glucose level. The present findings revealed that the hot tea infusion has blood glucose-lowering and antioxidant effects with wide safety margin. Conclusion The findings indicated that the hot tea infusion of the leaves of Moringa stenopetala shows a credible reduction in blood glucose level in rats.

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“…The presence of tannins, alkaloids, steroids, flavonoids, and saponins in M. esculenta leaves extract was discovered by a phytochemical investigation (Clemen-Pascual et al, 2022). Plant phytochemical compounds assess the medicinal value of plant leaves.…”

Section: Phytochemical Compounds Of Cassava (Manihot Esculenta) Leavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibacterial Activity of Cassava Manihot Esculenta Leaves Extract Against Escherichia coli

Cruz

Buendia

Condes

2022

Am. J. Environ. Clim.

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The purpose of this research is to determine the antibacterial activity of Cassava (Manihot esculenta) leaf extract against Escherichia coli. The experiment involved the determination of plants, extraction using the maceration method, and antibacterial testing of the fresh and dried cassava (Manihot esculenta) leave extracted with concentrations of 5%, 10%, 20%, and 30% ethanol against the bacterial growth of (Escherichia coli) and culture media using Merck Nutrient Agar. A caliper was used to measure the size of (Escherichia coli) growth in millimeters. The results showed that extracts of fresh and dried cassava (Manihot esculenta) leaves extract with ethanol concentrations of 5%, 10%, 20%, and 30% have antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli. This study examined the efficacy of fresh and dried cassava (Manihot esculenta) leaves extract against (Escherichia coli) in the 18th and 24th hours. The mean of fresh cassava (Manihot esculenta) leaves extract is 4.4, which differs considerably from the mean of dried Cassava (Manihot esculenta) leaves extract, which is 3.9. The fresh cassava (Manihot esculenta) leaves extract was the most potent therapy against (Escherichia coli) in the 18th hour, according to the findings of this investigation. Furthermore, at the 24th hour, the fresh cassava (Manihot esculenta) leaves extract was the most potent therapy against (Escherichia coli). Fresh cassava (Manihot esculenta) leaves extract has a mean of 4.4, which differs significantly from dried (Manihot esculenta) leaves extract, which has a mean of 3.9. According to the findings of this study's testing, the 20 percent concentration of fresh cassava (Manihot esculenta) leaves extract with an average of 5.75 was the most active treatment against (Escherichia coli). It has been proposed that cassava (Manihot esculenta) leaves could be turned into standardized antibacterial herbal. Future research should investigate the effects of cassava (Manihot esculenta) leaves used as an antibacterial agent on human health.

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Comparative toxicity, phytochemistry, and use of 53 Philippine medicinal plants

Abstract: Graphical abstract

Cited by 33 publications

References 141 publications

Phytochemicals, Antioxidant Activities, and Toxicological Screening of Native Australian Fruits Using Zebrafish Embryonic Model

Phytochemicals, Antioxidant Activities, and Toxicological Screening of Native Australian Fruits Using Zebrafish Embryonic Model

Antidiabetic Activity of Hot Tea Infusion of Leaves of Moringa stenopetala in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Antibacterial Activity of Cassava Manihot Esculenta Leaves Extract Against Escherichia coli

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