Comparing methods of predicting Jack pine slash moisture

Simard, Anouk; Main, William A.

doi:10.1139/x82-119

Cited by 23 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…The CFFDRS is founded from the analysis of field data of three kinds: weather, fuel moisture and test fire behaviour, all collected over several decades (Simard and Main, 1982). The FWI System ( Pickett, 1985) was the first subsystem developed in the CFFDRS and it provides numerical ratings of relative fire potential based solely on weather observations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Canadian fire weather index system in an eastern Mediterranean environment

Dimitrakopoulos

Bemmerzouk

Mitsopoulos

2011

Meteorological Applications

134

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ABSTRACT:The Fire Weather Index module of the Canadian Forest Fire Danger Rating System (CFFDRS) was evaluated during two consecutive fire seasons in the Mediterranean environment of Crete, Greece. The Duff Moisture Code (DMC), the Drought Code (DC), the Buildup Index (BUI) and the Fire Weather Index (FWI) were highly correlated to fire occurrence but only moderately to area burned. Logistic regression was applied in order to classify the FWI values into fire danger classes appropriate for the Mediterranean environments, as follows: 0-38 Low, 39-48 Moderate, 49-59 High, >60 Extreme. The new classification was necessary because the existing Canadian fire danger classes were found inapt for the dry and extremely fire prone eastern Mediterranean climate of Crete. After the modification, the fluctuation of the FWI values predicted more successfully the days of high fire risk, as proved by the actual fire occurrence. High correlation was found between measured litter (L layer) moisture values and those predicted by the Fine Fuel Moisture Code (FFMC). The use of an equilibrium duff moisture content value lower than 20% in Mediterranean environments, would probably improve the Duff Moisture Code (DMC) predictions. The Drought Code (DC) was poorly correlated to the upper soil moisture content. Overall, the FWI demonstrated several aptitudes related to its potential use as a meteorological fire danger rating index in Mediterranean regions. However, long-term studies are necessary to determine the precise range of each fire danger class according to fire occurrence data.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Canadian fire weather index system in an eastern Mediterranean environment

Dimitrakopoulos

Bemmerzouk

Mitsopoulos

2011

Meteorological Applications

134

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“…As the aim of this study is to examine the fire danger indices only, a detailed assessment of the moisture and fuel availability models is not presented. Experimental examinations of the FFDI (Viney and Hatton 1989), FFBT (Viney andHatton 1989, Gould et al 2007) and FWI (Simard and Main 1982, Simard et al 1984, Wotton et al 2005) moisture models have been presented elsewhere.…”

Section: The Indicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of fire danger rating systems for use in forests

Matthews¹

2009

AMOJ

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Fire danger indices are an important tool for fire and land managers. This study examines two fire danger indices developed for use in Australian forests, the Forest Fire Danger Index and the Forest Fire Behaviour Tables, and a third, the Fire Weather Index, which was developed for use in Canadian pine forests but is finding use in other countries. The indices are described and their structures examined by comparing the response of each index to wind, fuel moisture, and fuel availability. The application of the indices is examined by comparing their predictions across a range of wind, fuel moisture, and fuel availability conditions, and in a case study using weather station data. The three systems are found to have similar structures but to provide widely varying assessments of fire danger for a given set of inputs. In the case study, differences between how weather variables are incorporated by the indices cancelled out some of the differences in structure and the results were in closer agreement, particularly for the two systems developed for eucalypt forest.

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“…Tests of the NFDRS model have shown that it severely underpredicted the early afternoon moisture contents of fine dead material and litter associated with a palmetto-gallberry fuel complex in the southern United States (Hough and Albini 1978) and a jack pine slash in the northern United States (Loomis andMain 1980, Simard andMain 1982). Harrington (1982) Loomis and Main (1980) and Simard and Main (1982), the use of regression and correlation statistics yields little information on the bias of the fuel moisture predictions.…”

Section: Previous Model Evaluation Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Previous Model Evaluation Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Harrington (1982) Loomis and Main (1980) and Simard and Main (1982), the use of regression and correlation statistics yields little information on the bias of the fuel moisture predictions. Simard and Main (1982) and Simard eta/. (1984) compared the daily FFMC model with observations of the moisture content of litter and aerial fine fuel in jack pine slash and found that it tended to underpredict the litter moisture at high moisture contents and to underpredict the aerial fine fuel moisture under dry conditions.…”

Section: Previous Model Evaluation Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of existing fine fuel moisture models applied toEucalyptuslitter

Viney

Hatton

1989

Australian Forestry

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The diurnal trends in dead leaf, bark and twig moisture content on the floor of a Eucalyptus forest in south-eastern Australia were examined over a four day period. Substantial differences were found in moisture content among the three fuel types. At night the twigs remained the driest, while the leaves, through condensation of dew and distillation of moisture from the soil, were the wettest. During the daytime the leaves and bark reached lower fuel moisture minima than the twigs. The adequacy of several fine fuel moisture models was assessed. The locally developed Grassland Fire Danger Meter and Forest Fire Danger Meter together with the Fire Behaviour Officer's model were the best predictors of diurnal fuel moisture content. The usefulness of the timelag concept in Eucalyptus fuels is discussed and the results of the study suggest that modifications should be made to the Fine Fuel Moisture Code and the BEHAVE model for application to these fuels. The need to incorporate a parameterisation of nocturnal condensation into existing models is indicated.

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Comparing methods of predicting Jack pine slash moisture

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluation of the Canadian fire weather index system in an eastern Mediterranean environment

Evaluation of the Canadian fire weather index system in an eastern Mediterranean environment

A comparison of fire danger rating systems for use in forests

Assessment of existing fine fuel moisture models applied toEucalyptuslitter

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