Comparing the Psychological Effects of Meditation- and Breathing-Focused Yoga Practice in Undergraduate Students

Qi, Xin; Tong, Jiajin; Chen, Senlin; He, Zhonghu; Zhu, Xiangyi

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.560152

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In another comparative study, Qi et al compared the psychological effects of meditation and breathing-focused yoga in a population of undergraduate students [ 19 ]. Four classes were randomized to meditation- or breathing-focused yoga.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Retrospective Analysis of Three Focused Attention Meditation Techniques: Mantra, Breath, and External-Point Meditation

Sharma¹,

Wernicke²,

Rahman³

et al. 2022

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective The goal of this study is to compare the effectiveness of three different meditation techniques (two internal focus techniques and one external focus technique) using a low-cost portable electroencephalography (EEG) device, namely, MUSE, for an objective comparison. Methods This is an IRB-approved retrospective study. All participants in the study were healthy adults. Each study participant (n = 34) was instructed to participate in three meditation sessions: mantra (internal), breath (internal), and external point. The MUSE brain-sensing headband (EEG) was used to document the “total time spent in the calm state” and the “total time spent in the calm or neutral state” (outcomes) in each three-minute session to conduct separate analyses for the meditation type. Separate generalized linear models (GLM) with unstructured covariance structures were used to examine the association between each outcome and the explanatory variable (meditation type). For all models, if there was a significant association between the outcome and the explanatory variable, pairwise comparisons were carried out using the Tukey-Kramer correction. Results The median time (in seconds) spent in the calm state while practicing mantra meditation was 131.5 (IQR: 94-168), while practicing breath meditation was 150 (IQR: 113-164), and while practicing external-point meditation was 100 (IQR: 62-126). Upon analysis, there was a significant association between the meditation type and the time spent in the calm state (p-value = 0.0006). Conclusion This is the first study comparing “internal” versus “external” meditation techniques using an objective measure. Our study shows the breath and mantra technique as superior to the external-point technique as regards time spent in the calm state. Additional research is needed using a combination of “EEG” and patient-reported surveys to compare various meditative practices. The findings from this study can help incorporate specific meditation practices in future mindfulness-based studies that are focused on healthcare settings and on impacting clinical outcomes, such as survival or disease outcomes.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Retrospective Analysis of Three Focused Attention Meditation Techniques: Mantra, Breath, and External-Point Meditation

Sharma¹,

Wernicke²,

Rahman³

et al. 2022

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Schmalzl et al [30] compared a movement-based yoga intervention to a breathing-based yoga intervention and found that both treatments reduced stress and salivary cortisol; however, sustained attention only improved in the breathing-based intervention. Similarly, incorporating a breathing practice into a combined yoga treatment was more effective in reducing stress and increasing mindfulness than including a visualization meditation technique [28]. In contrast, Vasanthan et al [48] found that 6 months of either yoga postures or breathing practices equally improved cardiovascular autonomic functions.…”

Section: Evidence From Comparative Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Certain studies compared, for example, very specific breathing practices to each other [22,23], whereas others compared rather complex yoga interventions to meditation or relaxation techniques [24,25] or stress management programs [26,27]. Still, other studies more specifically examined the inclusion/exclusion of specific yoga components or different combinations of postures, breathing practice, and/or meditation [12,14,[28][29][30] with often inconclusive results. The majority of studies investigated the effects of more or less intense yoga interventions of mostly 6 to 12 weeks, although certain studies compared single sessions of different yoga components [31,32].…”

Section: Evidence From Comparative Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Different Components of Yoga: A Meta-Synthesis

Matko¹,

Bringmann²

2021

obm icm

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Traditional yoga encompasses a variety of practices, such as postures, breathing techniques, meditation, and ethical teachings. However, little is known about how different components of yoga contribute to its overall effect. In this meta-synthesis, we comprehensively summarized the current evidence on differential and incremental effects of various yoga components collected from available meta-analyses. For this meta-analysis, we searched Medline/PubMed, Scopus, PsychInfo, and the Cochrane Library in July 2021. We selected only meta-analyses that performed subgroup analyses comparing the effects of different yoga components. There were no restrictions regarding yoga type, study population, or outcome variables. Nineteen meta-analyses were identified that evaluated a multitude of variables. These meta-analyses varied greatly with regard to population, study design, and yoga components under investigation. However, combined interventions incorporating multiple components consistently outperformed simple interventions. In this regard, adding breathing and/or meditation practices to yoga interventions proved particularly beneficial. However, specific components or combinations were more effective in enhancing certain variables or clinical conditions, suggesting a need for customized programs. Comparable multi-component mind–body interventions, such as yoga and mindfulness-based stress reduction, were often equally efficient. Nevertheless, most findings are preliminary, and certain components such as the ethical part of yoga are particularly under-researched. Conclusion: Future studies should isolate and compare all components of yoga and evaluate additive effects by investigating their different combinations. The researchers should refer to theoretical frameworks, use rigorous methodology, and consider individual factors.

show abstract

“…Outra prática, também relacionada ao Mindfulness, a Yoga com foco na respiração, mantêm a atenção e consciência e reduz o estresse nos estudantes universitários 31 .…”

Section: Métodounclassified

Enfrentamento do sofrimento psíquico de estudantes no contexto universitário: uma revisão integrativa

Rodrigues

Barbosa

Tonete

2022

REFACS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objetivo: analisar estratégias propostas para o enfrentamento do sofrimento psíquico em estudantes universitários no contexto educacional. Método: revisão integrativa a partir de artigos originais publicados entre 2015 a 2020, nos idiomas inglês, espanhol ou português, nas bases de dados: Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online, Bases de Dados da Enfermagem, Index de Psicologia, SCOPUS-Elsevier, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature. Resultados: foram considerados 26 artigos, com publicação maior em 2020 (50%) e 2019 (23,1%); do continente asiático (46,1%) seguido do continente americano (26,9%); referindo-se a estudantes de diferentes áreas de formação, com abordagem quantitativa e transversal. A sistematização de estratégias mostrou: Estratégia de Detecção do Sofrimento Psíquico; Estratégia de Monitoramento e Avaliação do Sofrimento Psíquico; e Estratégia de Prevenção do Sofrimento Psíquico. Houve destaque na apresentação de vários instrumentos com boa qualidade psicométrica e níveis de confiabilidade, tanto para atendimento quanto para investigações. Conclusão: verificou-se na produção levantada estratégias exitosas de detecção, monitoramento e avaliação do sofrimento psíquico em estudantes, aplicáveis em unidades de saúde em instituições escolares, apontando diretrizes para possíveis intervenções de cuidado, promoção da saúde mental e qualidade de vida.

show abstract

Comparing the Psychological Effects of Meditation- and Breathing-Focused Yoga Practice in Undergraduate Students

Cited by 11 publications

References 39 publications

A Retrospective Analysis of Three Focused Attention Meditation Techniques: Mantra, Breath, and External-Point Meditation

A Retrospective Analysis of Three Focused Attention Meditation Techniques: Mantra, Breath, and External-Point Meditation

Effects of Different Components of Yoga: A Meta-Synthesis

Enfrentamento do sofrimento psíquico de estudantes no contexto universitário: uma revisão integrativa

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About