Comparison between the effect of Lawsonia inermis and flubendazole on Strongyloides species using scanning electron microscopy

Abstract

Strongyloides species is a helminth of worldwide distribution primarily in tropical and subtropical regions. It is the only soil-transmitted helminth with the ability for autoinfection so; it may lead to severe systemic manifestations especially in immunosuppressed patients. Chemotherapy is currently considered the best therapeutic option for strongyloidiasis but some drugs are expensive and others have side effects as nausea, diarrhea and headache. Strongyloides larva is resistant to most chemical agents so, search for plant extracts may provide other effective but less expensive treatment. Lawsonia inermis Linn, popularly known as Henna, has been proven to have antihelminthic, antibacterial and antifungal properties. The current study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of Lawsonia inermis on Strongyloides spp. In vitro using scanning electron microscopy. Fifty Strongyloides species. larvae and free living females were incubated with different concentrations of Lawsonia (1, 10, 100 mg/ml), for different incubation periods (24, 48, 72 and 96 h) in comparison to the same concentrations of flubendazole at the same different time points. The results showed that Lawsonia inermis in a concentration of 10 mg/ml incubated with Strongyloides spp. female for 24 h affected the parasite cuticular surface in the form of transverse and longitudinal fissures and transverse depression in comparison to no cuticular change with flubendazole (100 mg/ml). This suggests that Lawsonia inermis may be a promising phytotherapeutic agent for strongyloidiasis.

A Review on Lawsonia Inermis: A Potential Medicinal Plant

“…The anti-Strongyloides effect of Lawsonia inermis (stems 70% methanolic extract) was studied in vitro, larvae and free-living females were incubated with different concentrations of Lawsonia (1, 10, 100 mg/ml), for different incubation periods (24, 48, 72 and 96 h). Lawsonia inermis in a concentration of 10 mg/ml for 24 h affected the parasite cuticular surface in the form of transverse and longitudinal fissures and transverse depression in comparison to no cuticular change with flubendazole (100 mg/ml) [87]. The antimalarial activity of henna extract was studied in vitro.…”

Nematicidal activity of aqueous tinctures of plants against larvae of the nematode Strongyloides papillosus

“…Boonmars et al (2005) reported antiparasitic activity of Cardiospermum halicacabum L., and El-Sherbini & Osman (2013) -Mangifera indica L. against larvae of the same stage of the development. Ismail et al (2016) determined anthelmintic properties of Lawsonia inermis L. against larvae of Strongyloides spp. Moraes et al (2017) and Cabral et al (2019) studied the impact of some constituents of Carica papaya L. on eggs and larvae of Strongyloides venezuelensis (Brumpt, 1934).…”

Morphological, Biochemical, and Climatological Analysis of Three Moroccan Henna Verities

“…Biochemical study: Total sugars were measured by the anthrone method [21] and reducing sugars by the DNS method [22]. Lipids were evaluated by the method described by Khadiga [23]. Protein content was determined by the Lowry method [24].…”