Comparison of BMI, AHI, and Apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE-ε4) Alleles among Sleep Apnea Patients with Different Skeletal Classifications

Roedig, Jason J.; Phillips, Barbara; Morford, Lorri A.; Sickels, Joseph E. Van; Falcão-Alencar, G.; Fardo, David W.; Hartsfield, James K.; Ding, Xiuhua; Kluemper, G. Thomas

doi:10.5664/jcsm.3614

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…No relationship was found between the genotypes and age, BMI, total cholesterol, HDL, neck circumference, AHI, ESS, smoking, daytime sleepiness, hypertension, and coronary artery disease in our study. In one study, the mean BMI and AHI were compared among individuals who had one or more ApoE-ε4 alleles and who did not have any alleles, and similar with our findings, no difference was determined between the groups (28). In another study, increased AHI was observed in patients with OSAS with ε3/ε4 genotypes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

The Effect of Different ApoE Genotypes and Other Risk Factors on Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Formation

Kıraç¹,

Yassa²,

Gezmis³

et al. 2017

tnd

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Objective: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a disorder characterized by partial or complete narrowing of the pharyngeal airway during sleep. In this study it was aimed to investigate the relation between OSAS and different variants of the ApoE gene, and to identify other risk factors that may affect the development of the disease. Materials and Methods:Fifty-two patients with OSAS and 50 healthy volunteers were enrolled into the study. After collecting the necessary information associated with OSAS from the individuals, DNA was isolated from blood. ε2, ε3 and ε4 variants of Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene were investigated using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results:When the groups were compared with each other, age, body mass index, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein, triglyceride, neck circumference, waist circumference, apnea hypopnea index, Epworth sleepiness scale, smoking, and daytime sleepiness were found statistically significant. The ε2 variant was found statistically high in the control group. Also, waist circumference, triglyceride and LDL levels were found statistically low in individuals with the ε2 genotype. In addition, triglyceride levels were found statistically high in individuals with the ε4 genotype. Conclusion:The presence of the ε2 variant in healthy individuals may have a protective effect against OSAS. In addition, the relation between different variants of ApoE with LDL and triglyceride levels demonstrates the overlap of genotype and phenotype data.Keywords: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, ApoE, real-time polymerase chain reaction Amaç: Obstrüktif uyku apne sendromu (OUAS), uyku esnasında faringeal hava yolunun kısmen veya tamamen daralması ile karakterize olan bir hastalıktır. Bu çalışmada OUAS ile apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genindeki çeşitli varyantların ilişkisinin araştırılması ve hastalık oluşumuna etki edebilecek diğer risk faktörlerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem:Elli iki OUAS hastası ve 50 sağlıklı gönüllü birey çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Bireylerden OUAS ile ilişkili olabilecek gerekli bilgiler temin edildikten sonra, kandan DNA izolasyonu yapılmıştır. ApoE genindeki ε2, ε3 ve ε4 varyantlarının incelenmesi gerçek zamanlı polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. The Effect of Different

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

The Effect of Different ApoE Genotypes and Other Risk Factors on Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Formation

Kıraç¹,

Yassa²,

Gezmis³

et al. 2017

tnd

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“…Since Angle reported a narrowed upper airway in children with Class II dentofacial deformity in 1907 [ 1 ], many studies have demonstrated that certain craniofacial patterns are related with a smaller size of the upper airway, including deficient mandible, and steep mandibular plane [ 2 – 4 ]. Individuals with Class II deformity and steep mandibular plane possess a smaller airway, and are higher risks for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), especially Asians [ 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upper Airway Changes after Orthodontic Extraction Treatment in Adults: A Preliminary Study using Cone Beam Computed Tomography

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

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ObjectiveWhether the orthodontic treatment with premolar extraction and maximum anchorage in adults will lead to a narrowed upper airway remains under debated. The study aims to investigate the airway changes after orthodontic extraction treatment in adult patients with Class II and hyperdivergent skeletal malocclusion.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective study enrolled 18 adults with Class II and hyperdivergent skeletal malocclusion (5 males and 13 females, 24.1 ± 3.8 years of age, BMI 20.33 ± 1.77 kg/m2). And 18 untreated controls were matched 1:1 with the treated patients for age, sex, BMI, and skeletal pattern. CBCT images before and after treatment were obtained. DOLPHIN 11.7 software was used to reconstruct and measure the airway size, hyoid position, and craniofacial structures. Changes in the airway and craniofacial parameters from pre to post treatment were assessed by Wilcoxon signed rank test. Mann-Whitney U test was used in comparisons of the airway parameters between the treated patients and the untreated controls. Significant level was set at 0.05.ResultsThe upper and lower incisors retracted 7.87 mm and 6.10 mm based on the measurement of U1-VRL and L1-VRL (P < 0.01), while the positions of the upper and lower molars (U6-VRL, and L6-VRL) remained stable. Volume, height, and cross-sectional area of the airway were not significantly changed after treatment, while the sagittal dimensions of SPP-SPPW, U-MPW, PAS, and V-LPW were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), and the morphology of the cross sections passing through SPP-SPPW, U-MPW, PAS, and V-LPW became anteroposteriorly compressed (P <0.001). No significant differences in the airway volume, height, and cross-sectional area were found between the treated patients and untreated controls.ConclusionsThe airway changes after orthodontic treatment with premolar extraction and maximum anchorage in adults are mainly morphological changes with anteroposterior dimension compressed in airway cross sections, rather than a decrease in size.

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“…In this report, the contribution and association of sequence variants of several OSA candidate genes [15][16][17][18][19][20] was tested in Brazilian OSA cases. None of these variants was significantly associated with OSA phenotype.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There was no association of the APOE-ε4 allele with facial profile among these patients with OSA. However, the authors cautioned that in relation to genetic research, this study was underpowered due to the small sample size 18 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of clinical and genetic factors in obstructive sleep apnoea

de Lourdes Rabelo Guimarães,

de Azevedo,

Souza

et al. 2023

Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital

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Purpose.To evaluate the correlation between several presumed candidate genes for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and clinical OSA phenotypes and propose a predictive comprehensive model for diagnosis of OSA. Methods. This case-control study compared polysomnographic patterns, clinical data, morbidities, dental factors and genetic data for polymorphisms in PER3, BDNF, NRXN3, APOE, HCRTR2, MC4R between confirmed OSA cases and ethnically matched clinically unaffected controls. A logistic regression model was developed to predict OSA using the combined data. Results. The cohort consisted of 161 OSA cases and 81 controls. Mean age of cases was 53.5 ± 14.0 years, mostly males (57%) and mean body mass index (BMI) of 27.5 ± 4.3 kg/ m 2 . None of the genotyped markers showed a statistically significant association with OSA after adjusting for age and BMI. A predictive algorithm included the variables gender, age, snoring, hypertension, mouth breathing and number of T alleles of PER3 (rs228729) presenting 76.5% specificity and 71.6% sensitivity. Conclusions. No genetic variant tested showed a statistically significant association with OSA phenotype. Logistic regression analysis resulted in a predictive model for diagnosing OSA that, if validated by larger prospective studies, could be applied clinically to allow risk stratification for OSA. KEY WORDS: obstructive sleep apnea, genetic polymorphisms, phenotype, algorithms, case-control studies RIASSUNTO Scopo. Valutare la correlazione tra alcuni geni potenzialmente coinvolti nella sindrome delle apnee notturne (OSA) ed i fenotipi clinici di OSA e proporre un modello predittivo generale per la diagnosi di OSA.

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Comparison of BMI, AHI, and Apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE-ε4) Alleles among Sleep Apnea Patients with Different Skeletal Classifications

Abstract: OSA patients with Class II convex profile were more likely to have a lower BMI than those in other skeletal groups. In fact 20% of them were not obese, suggesting that a Class II convex profile may influence or be associated with OSA development independent of BMI.

Cited by 13 publications

References 18 publications

The Effect of Different ApoE Genotypes and Other Risk Factors on Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Formation

The Effect of Different ApoE Genotypes and Other Risk Factors on Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Formation

Upper Airway Changes after Orthodontic Extraction Treatment in Adults: A Preliminary Study using Cone Beam Computed Tomography

Evaluation of clinical and genetic factors in obstructive sleep apnoea

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