Comparison of cerebral and non-cerebral coenurosis by genetic markers of glycolytic enzyme (enolase) and mitochondrial sequences in sheep and goats

Amrabadi, Omidreza; Oryan, Ahmad; Moazeni, Mohammad; Sharifiyazdi, Hassan; Akbari, Maryam

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.10.021

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The molecular analysis of the CO1-PCR assay from the cysts of these sheep and calves yielded a 446 bp band, which is typical for T. multiceps. Similar findings were reported by Avcioglu et al (2011), who conducted a molecular characterization of T. multiceps in cattle in Erzurum (Turkey), Iran (AMRABADI et al, 2015) and Italy (VARCASIA et al, 2006) based on CO1 mitochondrial gene sequence analysis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Clinical, pathological and molecular evaluations and CT scan screening of coenurosis (Coenurus cerebralis) in sheep and calves

Gazioğlu

Şimşek

Kizil

et al. 2017

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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The aims of this study were to diagnose coenurosis by means of computerized tomography (CT) scan imaging and molecular characterization of the CO1 gene using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Sheep and calves were necropsied, and CT scans on the cephalic region were performed on the animals. Sections of brain tissue infected with parasites were then stained with hematoxylin and eosin for microscopic examination. Material collected from brain cysts was fixed in 70% ethanol. PCR amplification was carried out using the CO1 mitochondrial gene. A total of 60 calves and 80 sheep were examined clinically and, of these, 15 calves and 38 sheep showed signs of depression, with counterclockwise circling movements and altered head carriage. Four sheep and one calf were necropsied, and C. cerebralis cysts were detected in all of them. A hypodense cyst was monitored in the right cerebellar hemisphere on a CT scan on one sheep. A cyst was found in the left frontal lobe on a CT scan on one calf. Microscopically, C. cerebralis cysts were surrounded by a fibrous or epithelial wall that presented necrosis on cerebral sections of both the sheep and the cattle. The CO1-PCR assay yielded a 446 bp band, which was sequenced and phylogenetically analyzed: the results confirmed the presence of T. multiceps. This study reports the first use of CT imaging on naturally infected calves and sheep for diagnosing coenurosis.Keywords: Coenurus cerebralis, CT imaging, PCR, sheep, calf, Turkey. ResumoOs objetivos deste estudo foram diagnosticar cenurose por tomografia computadorizada (CT) por imagem de digitalização e caracterização molecular do gene CO1, usando a Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR). Ovelhas e bezerros foram necropsiados, e uma tomografia computadorizada da região cefálica foi realizada nos animais. Em seguida, cortes microscópicos de cérebro infectado com parasitas foram corados com hematoxilina e eosina e posterior avaliação ao microscópio de luz. Em seguida, o material recolhido de cada cisto cerebral foi fixado em etanol a 70%. A amplificação pela PCR foi realizada utilizando-se o gene mitocondrial CO1. Um total de 60 bezerros e 80 ovelhas foram clinicamente examinados e, desses, 15 bezerros e 38 ovelhas apresentaram sinais de depressão, com movimentos circulares em sentido anti-horário, e desvio da cabeça. Quatro carneiros e uma vitela foram necropsiados, e cistos de C. cerebralis foram detectados nos animais. Um cisto hipodenso foi monitorado no hemisfério cerebelar direito por imagem do CT de um carneiro. O cisto foi encontrado no lobo frontal esquerdo por imagem do CT de um bezerro. Microscopicamente, cistos de C. cerebralis foram envolvidos por uma parede fibrosa ou epitelial, apresentando necrose em ambos os cortes cerebrais de ovinos e de bovinos. O ensaio CO1-PCR produziu uma banda de 446 pb, sequenciado e submetido à filogenia, confirmou ser T. multiceps. Este estudo relata a primeira utilização de imagens de CT em bezerros e ovelhas naturalmente infectados para o diagnóstico de coenurosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Clinical, pathological and molecular evaluations and CT scan screening of coenurosis (Coenurus cerebralis) in sheep and calves

Gazioğlu

Şimşek

Kizil

et al. 2017

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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“…Existence of T. multiceps in the domestic and wild definitive hosts is rather alarming. The parasite has earlier been reported in dogs and jackals and is known to cause severe neurological disease in animals (coenurosis) when the larva migrates to the brain and spinal cord [48]. It affects sheep and goats, being their major intermediate hosts [49].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interlinks between Wildlife and Domestic Cycles of Echinococcus spp. in Kenya

Kagendo¹,

Muchiri²,

Gitonga³

et al. 2021

Managing Wildlife in a Changing World

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Effective conservation and management of wildlife in the current changing world, call for incorporation of infectious zoonotic diseases surveillance systems, among other interventions. One of such diseases is echinococcosis, a zoonotic disease caused by Echinococcus species. This disease exists in two distinct life cycle patterns, the domestic and wildlife cycles. To investigate possible inter-links between these cycles in Kenya, 729 fecal samples from wild carnivores and 406 from domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) collected from Maasai Mara and Samburu National Reserves were analyzed. Taeniid eggs were isolated by zinc chloride sieving-flotation method and subjected to polymerase chain reaction of nicotinamide adenine dehydrogenase subunit 1 (NAD1). Subsequent amplicons were sequenced, edited and analyzed with GENtle VI.94 program. The samples were further subjected to molecular identification of specific host species origin. All sequences obtained were compared with those in Gene-bank using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST). The study found that there were 74 taeniid positive samples, 53 from wild carnivores and 21 from domestic dogs. In wildlife, mixed infections with Echinococcus and Taenia species were identified and these included E. granulosus sensu stricto, E. felidis, T. canadensis G6/7, Taenia hydatigena, T. multiceps, and T. saginata. Domestic dogs harbored Echinococcus and Taenia species similar to wild carnivores including E. granulosus G1–3, E. felidis, T. multiceps, T. hydatigena, and T. madoquae. Taenia species of nine taeniid eggs were not identified. Majority of genotypes were found in hyena (Crocuta crocuta) fecal samples. Distribution of Echinococcus and Taenia spp. varied with hosts. Mixed infections of Echinococcus spp, T. multiceps and T. hydatigena in a single animal were common. There seemed to be existence of interactions between the two cycles, although public health consequences are unknown. The presence of T. saginata in hyena suggests scavenging of human fecal matter by the animal. In addition, presence of T. multiceps, T hydatigena, T madoquae and T. saginata in the two cycles suggested possible human exposure to these parasites. The results are important in drawing up of strategies and policies towards prevention and control of Echinococcosis and other Taenia related parasitic infections, especially in endemic areas given their potential risk to public and socio- economic livelihood.

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“…The coenurus cyst that occurred outside the CNS in goats was recorded as T. multiceps [ 2 , 24 ] or T. gaigeri [ 25 ]. Genetically, the cerebral cysts in sheep were identical with the non-cerebral cysts in goats [ 10 ]. Histopathological findings in the skeletal muscle infected with coenurus included degenerative and necrotic changes, hyalinization, and myositis which are in agreement with other research [ 11 , 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides this, a lack or limited use of anticestodal drug, uncontrolled backyard slaughtering, and improper offal disposal are also responsible for transmission of this cestode [ 8 ]. The cerebral form of the cysts produced by T. multiceps in sheep is genetically identical with the non-cerebral cysts of T. multiceps gaigeri [ 9 , 10 ] in intramuscular and/or subcutaneous tissues in goats [ 11 , 12 ]. Recent molecular phylogenetic analysis of nad1, cox1, and 12S rRNA showed that T. multiceps can cause cerebral coenurosis in sheep and non-cerebral forms in goats but rarely in sheep [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of non-cerebral cyst: Zoonotic Taenia multiceps in domestic goat in Bangladesh

et al. 2017

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Aim:This study was performed to identify the non-cerebral Taenia multiceps cyst through molecular phylogeny of the 12S rRNA gene.Materials and Methods:Eight cyst samples were collected from 385 examined slaughtered goats during October 2015-September 2016 from three slaughterhouses in Chittagong City Corporation. Cysts were removed from the thigh muscle, and scolices were collected for light microscopic examination and molecular identification. The DNA was extracted and analyzed by polymerase chain reaction using 12S rRNA gene primers. Cyst samples were also preserved in 10% buffered formalin for histopathological study.Results:T. multiceps non-cerebral cyst is 2.1% prevalent in goat in this area. Under light microscopic examination, scolex was found with four suckers and a rostellum with the double crown of 32 hooks and hooklets. Molecularly, all the samples were amplified with 12S rRNA gene fragments yielded 270 base pair amplicon. Zenker’s necrosis with focal to diffuse infiltration of lymphocytes and eosinophil was also found around the cyst wall in histopathological examination.Conclusion:Although the non-cerebral form of the cysts produced by T. multiceps is genetically identical with the cerebral cyst, previously published data indicated that cerebral T. multiceps cyst is predominant in other parts of the world as well as in Bangladesh. This study showed that non-cerebral cyst is also prevalent in this country which is very important for public health concern. This study depicts an idea of non-cerebral form of zoonotic T. multiceps cyst which will be helpful in taenia cyst control and prevention.

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Comparison of cerebral and non-cerebral coenurosis by genetic markers of glycolytic enzyme (enolase) and mitochondrial sequences in sheep and goats

Cited by 9 publications

References 18 publications

Clinical, pathological and molecular evaluations and CT scan screening of coenurosis (Coenurus cerebralis) in sheep and calves

Clinical, pathological and molecular evaluations and CT scan screening of coenurosis (Coenurus cerebralis) in sheep and calves

Interlinks between Wildlife and Domestic Cycles of Echinococcus spp. in Kenya

Identification of non-cerebral cyst: Zoonotic Taenia multiceps in domestic goat in Bangladesh

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