Comparison of mid-latitude single- and mixed-phase cloud  optical depth from co-located infrared spectrometer  and backscatter lidar measurements

Natale, Gianluca Di; Barucci, M.; Belotti, Claudio; Bianchini, Giovanni; D’Amato, Francesco; Bianco, Samuele Del; Gai, Marco; Montori, Alessio; Sussmann, Ralf; Viciani, Silvia; Vogelmann, Hannes; Palchetti, Luca

doi:10.5194/amt-14-6749-2021

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…An optimum lidar validation became possible in early 2019. On 5 and 6 February 2019 a side-by-side instrument comparison took place at Garmisch-Partenkirchen as a contribution to the FIRMOS (Far-Infrared Radiation Mobile Observation System) validation project of the European Space Agency (Palchetti et al, 2021;Di Natale et al, 2021). Two of the three balloons launched on 5 February were equipped with ozone sondes, while both ballons on 6 February carried an ozone sonde.…”

Section: Comparisons Of the Ifu Ozone Lidar And The Jülich Ecc Sondementioning

confidence: 99%

Local comparisons of tropospheric ozone: Vertical soundings at two neighbouring stations in Southern Bavaria

Trickl

Adelwart²,

Khordakova³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Abstract. In this study ozone profiles of the differential-absorption lidar at Garmisch-Partenkirchen are compared with those of ozone sondes of the Forschungszentrum Jülich and of the Meteorological Observatory Hohenpeißenberg (German Weather Service). The lidar measurements are quality assured by the highly accurate in-situ measurements at nearby the Wank (1780 m a.s.l.) and Zugspitze (2962 m a.s.l.) summits and at the Global Atmosphere Watch station Schneefernerhaus (2670 m a.s.l.). The lidar results agree almost perfectly with those of the monitoring stations. Side-by-side sounding of the lidar and electrochemical (ECC) sonde measurements by a team of the Forschungszentrum Jülich shows just small positive offsets (≤ 3.4 ppb), almost constant within the troposphere. We conclude that the recently published uncertainties of the lidar in the final configuration since 2012 are realistic and rather small for low to moderate ozone. Comparisons with the Hohenpeißenberg routine Brewer-Mast sonde measurements are more demanding because of the distance of 38 km between both sites. These comparisons cover the three years September 2000 to August 2001, 2009 and 2018. A slight negative average offset (-3.64 ppb ± 7.5 ppb (full error)) of the sondes with respect to the lidar is found. Most sonde measurements could be improved in the troposphere by recalibration with the station data. This would not only remove the average offset, but also greatly reduce the variability of the individual offsets. The comparison for 2009 suggests a careful partial re-evaluation of the lidar measurements between 2007 and 2011 for altitudes above 6 km where an occasional negative bias occurred.

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Section: Comparisons Of the Ifu Ozone Lidar And The Jülich Ecc Sondementioning

confidence: 99%

Local comparisons of tropospheric ozone: Vertical soundings at two neighbouring stations in Southern Bavaria

Trickl

Adelwart²,

Khordakova³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…A mobile balloon-borne sonde system of the Forschungszentrum Jülich (FZJ) was operated at IMK-IFU (at 730 m a.s.l. ), in close vicinity to the ozone DIAL (35 m), during the Far Infrared Radiation Mobile Observation System (FIRMOS) measurement campaign (Klanner et al, 2021;Palchetti et al, 2021;Di Natale et al, 2021;Belotti et al, 2023). Several balloons with cryogenic frostpoint hygrometers (CFHs; Vömel et al, 2007Vömel et al, , 2016, standard Vaisala RS-41-SGP radiosondes, En-Sci ECC ozone sondes (Komhyr et al, 1995;Smit et al, 2007), and COBALD backscatter sondes (Brabec, 2011) were launched.…”

Section: Ecc Sonde System Of the Forschungszentrum Jülichmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local comparisons of tropospheric ozone: vertical soundings at two neighbouring stations in southern Bavaria

Trickl,

Adelwart,

Khordakova

et al. 2023

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

Self Cite

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Abstract. In this study ozone profiles of the differential-absorption lidar at Garmisch-Partenkirchen are compared with those of ozone sondes of the Forschungszentrum Jülich and of the Meteorological Observatory Hohenpeißenberg (German Weather Service). The lidar measurements are quality assured by the highly accurate nearby in situ ozone measurements at the Wank (1780 m a.s.l.) and Zugspitze (2962 m a.s.l.) summits and at the Global Atmosphere Watch station Schneefernerhaus (UFS, 2670 m a.s.l.), at distances of 9 km or less from the lidar. The mixing ratios of the lidar agree with those of the monitoring stations, with a standard deviation (SD) of 1.5 ppb, and feature a slight positive offset of 0.6 ± 0.6 ppb (SD) conforming to the known −1.8 % calibration bias of the in situ instruments. Side-by-side soundings of the lidar and electrochemical (ECC) sonde measurements in February 2019 by a team of the Forschungszentrum Jülich shows small positive ozone offsets for the sonde with respect to the lidar and the mountain stations (0.5 to 3.4 ppb). After applying an altitude-independent bias correction to the sonde data an agreement to within just ±2.5 ppb in the troposphere was found, which we regard as the wintertime uncertainty of the lidar. We conclude that the recently published uncertainties of the lidar in the final configuration since 2012 are realistic and rather small for low to moderate ozone concentrations. Comparisons of the lidar with the Hohenpeißenberg routine measurements with Brewer-Mast sondes are more demanding because of the distance of 38 km between the two sites implying significant ozone differences in some layers, particularly in summer. Our comparisons cover the 3 years September 2000 to August 2001, 2009, and 2018. A slight negative average offset (−3.64 ± 3.72 ppb (SD)) of the sondes with respect to the lidar was found. We conclude that most Hohenpeißenberg sonde data could be improved in the troposphere by recalibration with the Zugspitze station data (1978 to 2011 summit, afterwards UFS). This would not only remove the average offset but also greatly reduce the variability of the individual offsets. The comparison for 2009 suggests a careful partial re-evaluation of the lidar measurements between 2007 and 2011 for altitudes above 6 km, where occasionally a negative bias occurred.

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“…is the internal solid angle of the beam divergence which determines the formulation of the instrument line shape (ILS) and it was also fitted to take into account the effect of self-apodization. Finally, β is a scale factor on the frequency grid introduced to compensate for possible drift of the REFIR-PAD laser reference and for the shift due to the internal finite aperture (Bianchini et al, 2019;Di Natale et al, 2021). SACR uses a Levenberg-Marquardt iterative algorithm to minimize the cost function (Rodgers, 2000) as follows:…”

Section: Retrieval Of the Particle Size Distributions From Refir-pad ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the last two decades, measurements of the downwelling longwave radiation, including in the FIR, have been used to study the cirrus cloud radiative properties, both at mid-latitudes (Palchetti et al, 2016;Di Natale et al, 2021;Maestri et al, 2014) and in polar regions, in particular in Arctic (Garrett and Zhao, 2013;Intrieri et al, 2002;Ritter et al, 2005) and Antarctica (Maesh et al, 2001a, b;Palchetti et al, 2015;Di Natale et al, 2017;Rowe et al, 2019;Rathke et al, 2002;Maestri et al, 2019;Bellisario et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consistency test of precipitating ice cloud retrieval properties obtained from the observations of different instruments operating at Dome C (Antarctica)

Natale

Turner²,

Bianchini³

et al. 2022

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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Abstract. Selected case studies of precipitating ice clouds at Dome C (Antarctic Plateau) were used to test a new approach for the estimation of ice cloud reflectivity at 24 GHz (12.37 mm wavelength) using ground-based far infrared spectral measurements from the REFIR-PAD Fourier transform spectroradiometer and backscattering/depolarization lidar profiles. The resulting reflectivity was evaluated with the direct reflectivity measurements provided by a co-located micro rain radar (MRR) operating at 24 GHz, that was able to detect falling crystals with large particle size, typically above 600 µm. To obtain the 24 GHz reflectivity, we used the particle effective diameter and the cloud optical depth retrieved from the far infrared spectral radiances provided by REFIR-PAD and the tropospheric co-located backscattering lidar to calculate the modal radius and the intercept of the particle size distribution. These parameters spanned in the wide ranges between 570–2400 µm and 10−2–104 cm−5, respectively. The retrieved effective sizes and optical depths mostly varied in the ranges 70–250 µm and 0.1–5, respectively. From these parameters, the theoretical reflectivity at 24 GHz was obtained by integrating the size distribution over different cross sections for various habit crystals provided by Eriksson et al. (2018) databases. From the comparison with the radar reflectivity measurements, we found that the hexagonal column-like habits, the columnar crystal aggregates, and the 5/6 branches bullet rosettes showed the best agreement with the MRR observations. The dispersion coefficient of the crystal particle size distribution was assumed in the range 0–2 according to the temperature dependence found in previous studies. The retrieved values of the intercept and slope were found in good agreement with these studies. The presence of the inferred habits was confirmed by the crystal images taken by the ICE-CAMERA, operating in proximity of REFIR-PAD and the MRR. In particular, the occurrence of hexagonal column-like ice crystals was confirmed by the presence of 22∘ solar halos, detected by the HALO-CAMERA. The average crystal lengths obtained from the retrieved size distribution were also compared to those estimated from the ICE-CAMERA images. The agreement between the two results confirmed that the retrieved parameters of the particle size distributions correctly reproduced the observations.

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Comparison of mid-latitude single- and mixed-phase cloud optical depth from co-located infrared spectrometer and backscatter lidar measurements

Cited by 7 publications

References 43 publications

Local comparisons of tropospheric ozone: Vertical soundings at two neighbouring stations in Southern Bavaria

Local comparisons of tropospheric ozone: Vertical soundings at two neighbouring stations in Southern Bavaria

Local comparisons of tropospheric ozone: vertical soundings at two neighbouring stations in southern Bavaria

Consistency test of precipitating ice cloud retrieval properties obtained from the observations of different instruments operating at Dome C (Antarctica)

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