Comparison of observer reliability of three-dimensional cephalometric landmark identification on subject images from Galileos and i-CAT cone beam CT

Clinical utility of dental cone-beam computed tomography: current perspectives

“…Katkar et al,70 in their study, confirmed that CBCT was reliable in demonstrating cephalometric landmarks accurately.…”

Correlation between the position of hyoid bone and subregions of the pharyngeal airway space in lateral cephalometry and cone beam computed tomography

“…9 In addition, several studies have shown the diagnostic value of LC for evaluating the relationship between the hyoid bone and the airway. 1,2,10,11 With the advent of the use of CBCT in dentistry, 20,21 there has been an improvement in the ability to analyze airway space, 5,14,21 through the assessment of the 3D airway, 5,13 and position of the hyoid bone. 3 Thus, CBCT images were also used in this study, along with MPR and 3D reconstructions.…”

Reliability of anatomic structures as landmarks in three-dimensional cephalometric analysis using CBCT

“…12 Some studies have attempted to verify whether landmarks used in conventional imaging can be extrapolated to CBCT. 1,[13][14][15][16][17][18] Some landmarks that are used in the 2D cephalometric analysis are challenging to locate in the CBCTs. 15 Many landmarks have demonstrated low reliability in CBCT, and therefore, are not suitable for use in 3D imaging.…”

“…In these studies some of the least reliable conventional landmarks in CBCT were gonion, orbitale, condylion, A point, ANS, PNS, and pogonion. [15][16][17][18] Using conventional landmarks in the 3D analysis showed that 3D landmark identification using CBCT can offer consistent and reproducible data if a protocol for operator training and calibration is followed.…”