Comparison of Osmotic Adjustment Responses to Water and Temperature Stresses in Spring Wheat and Sudangrass

Li, Xiaomei; Feng, Yongsheng; Boersma, L.

doi:10.1006/anbo.1993.1039

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…But, under higher temperatures further depletion in θ s was also observed because of an increase in E . High‐temperature stress may have affected osmotic adjustment in wheat by increasing E and interfering with the production and utilization of solutes – especially glucose – that are involved in osmotic adjustment (Li et al ., 1993). Therefore, water relations in our wheat study adjusted to warmer temperatures even when the θ s was maintained near field capacity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas exchange and water relations of spring wheat under full-season infrared warming

Wall

Kimball

White

et al. 2011

Global Change Biology

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Gas exchange and water relations were evaluated under full-season in situ infrared (IR) warming for hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Yecora Rojo) grown in an open field in a semiarid desert region of the southwest USA. A temperature free-air controlled enhancement (T-FACE) apparatus utilizing IR heaters maintained canopy air temperature above 3.0 m Heated plots of wheat by 1.3 and 2.7 1C (0.2 and 0.3 1C below the targeted set-points of Reference plots with dummy heaters) during daytime and nighttime, respectively. Control plots had no apparatus. Every 6 weeks during 2007-2009 wheat was sown under the three warming treatments (i.e., Control, Heated, Reference) in three replicates in a 3 Â 3 Latin square (LSQ) design on six plantings during 4 months (i.e., January, March, September, December), or in a natural temperature variation treatment (i.e., Control) in three replicates in a randomized complete block (RCB) design on nine plantings during 7 months (i.e.. Soil temperature (T s ) and volumetric soil-water content (y s ) were 1.3 1C warmer and 14% lower in Heated compared with Reference plots, respectively. Other than a 1% shading effect, no artifacts on gas exchange or water relations were associated with the IR warming apparatus. IR warming increased carbon gain characteristic of an increase in metabolic rates to higher temperature that may have been attributed to the well-watered wheat crop and the supplemental irrigation that minimized plant-to-air water vapor pressure differences between IR-warmed and nonwarmed plots. Nevertheless, seasonal oscillations in the IR warming response on carbon gain occurred. IR warming decreased leaf water status and provided thermal protection during freeze events. IR warming is an effective experimental methodology to investigate the impact of global climate change on agronomic cropping and natural ecosystems to a wide range of natural and artificially imposed air temperatures. NomenclatureA 5 instantaneous leaf net assimilation rate (mmol CO 2 m À2 s À1 ) ANOVA 5 analysis of variance BTG 5 booting growth stage C 5 Control treatment C a 5 atmospheric CO 2 concentration (mmol CO 2 mol À1 air) C i 5 intercellular CO 2 concentration (mmol CO 2 mol À1 air) C i /C a 5 ratio of C i to C a (dimensionless) COL 5 column designation in 3 Â 3 Latin square (LSQ) experimental design df 1 5 first degrees of freedom for F-statistic df 2 5 second degrees of freedom for F-statistic DOE 5 day of experiment DOE 5 repeated measure time variant effect in ANOVA DW 5 leaf tissue dry weight (g) e a 5 air water vapor pressure (kPa) at T a e a * 5 saturation water vapor pressure at the ambient air temperatures (T a, R ) in the Reference plots e a, H 5 water vapor pressure of the heated air (kPa), where the entity, e a, H , is calculated from e a, H 5 e a (e a, H * /e a *) e a, H * 5 saturation water vapor pressure at the ambient air temperatures (T a, H ) in the Heated plots e a, VPD 5 atmospheric water vapor pressure deficit (i.e., e a, VPD 5 e a *Àe a ) at T a (kPa) 2113 e H * 5 satura...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas exchange and water relations of spring wheat under full-season infrared warming

Wall

Kimball

White

et al. 2011

Global Change Biology

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“…In that case, the sinks not yet fully developed were first leaves and then grains. In the case of plants subjected to water deficit, it is well known that the time elapsing between the halt in leaf growth and stomatal closure causes a reduction in specific leaf area [24]. Based on their study of several durum wheat genotypes, Simane et al [38] demonstrated that the SLA was one of the factors best correlated with relative growth rate, while the leaf index was not at all correlated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Li et al [24] observed a relationship between a reduction in SLA and that of the osmotic potential due to osmotic adjustment, showing that osmotic adjustment resulted from an imbalance between the production and consumption of photosynthates. These authors explained that this imbalance could be attributed to the delay between leaf growth and stomatal closure, and observed that this delay varied considerably between different grass species, or even between genotypes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In most annual crops, a low leaf area index due to water deficit is associated with low specific leaf area values (ratio of leaf area to leaf mass). With respect to growth processes, it is known that leaf expansion is the first process to be affected by water deficit [7,8], well before stomatal closure, which causes a reduction in specific leaf area [24]. Senescence processes bring about a remobilisation of carbon reserves from senescing to functional leaves [12], which also tends to reduce the specific leaf area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Munns [30] suggested that osmotic adjustment might result from an increase in solutes, associated with a reduction in cell expansion. When comparing various species, Li et al [24] demonstrated a relationship between specific leaf area and osmotic adjustment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Leaf dynamics and crop water status throughout the growing cycle of durum wheat crops grown in two contrasted water budget conditions

Brisson

Casals

2005

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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Leaf and crop water measurements were analysed dynamically throughout the cycle of two crops of durum wheat subjected to contrasting conditions of water supply. The objectives were to compare short-and long-term crop reactions to water deficit, based on some hypotheses from the literature. Water status measurements were of the first type and phenological or morphological measurements of the second type. The droughted crop under a rainout shelter received no water between emergence and harvest, while the open-air crop was irrigated. Dynamic plant morphological measurements consisted of leaf area index and specific leaf area, and those characterising plant water status dynamics included predawn leaf water potential, bulk osmotic potential and the ratio of crop water uptake to evaporative demand. Continuous measurement of the surface temperature on the two plots served to calculate a degree-days temperature scale, allowing comparison of the two crops. We found that the droughted crop developed mechanisms of resistance to water deficit: the leaf area index and specific leaf area were reduced (from 6 to 1.5 m 2 m-2 and from 300 to 260 cm 2 g-1 for the maximum values of, respectively, the LAI and the SLA), the bulk osmotic potential was lower (from-2 to-3 MPa) and the soil layer affected by root uptake was deeper (from 50 to 100 cm) than that of the irrigated crop. The amount of water evapo-transpired by both crops was similar when related to climatic demand. Yet no clear relationship appeared between the specific leaf area index and osmotic potential. Furthermore, there appeared to be a clear difference between the vegetative and reproductive phases of both crops in terms of water functioning. The osmotic potential decreased markedly after anthesis and a peak of water uptake was observed in both crops during the grain-filling phase, which may have been linked to the specific functioning of the flag leaf or the ear. While this study demonstrated the efficiency of drought adaptive features in durum wheat, it also showed that the difference in the water behaviours of two contrasted durum wheat crops could be of the same order of magnitude as the differences between the vegetative and reproductive phases.

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Plant Water Relations

Lösch¹

1995

Progress in Botany

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Comparison of Osmotic Adjustment Responses to Water and Temperature Stresses in Spring Wheat and Sudangrass

Cited by 11 publications

References 19 publications

Gas exchange and water relations of spring wheat under full-season infrared warming

Gas exchange and water relations of spring wheat under full-season infrared warming

Leaf dynamics and crop water status throughout the growing cycle of durum wheat crops grown in two contrasted water budget conditions

Plant Water Relations

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