Comparison of Plasma Oxidative Biomarkers and Conformational Modifications of Hemoglobin in Patients With Diabetes on Hemodialysis

Abstract

Background:Diabetes is associated with an increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which plays an important role in the development of oxidative stress and anemia.Objectives:The main purpose of this study was to investigate whether patients with diabetes undergoing hemodialysis (HD) were susceptible to oxidative stress and whether resulting damages affect the structure of hemoglobin (Hb) and plasma proteins.Patients and Methods:Twenty patients with diabetes undergoing HD, 20 patients with diabetes and normal renal function, and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects were included in this study. Methaemoglobin (Met-Hb), hemichrome and conformational changes of Hb were analyzed as oxidative markers in erythrocytes. Ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) and protein carbonyl content (PCO) were determined as plasma oxidative biomarkers. Also triglyceride, cholesterol, albumin, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, glucose and uric acid were assayed as biochemical parameters of plasma.Results:Patients with diabetes undergoing hemodialysis had significantly lower levels of PCO and albumin (P < 0.05), but significantly higher levels of FRAP, BUN, creatinine and uric acid (P < 0.05) as compared to patients with diabetes and normal renal function. Linear regression analysis showed significant negative correlations between PCO and FRAP (r = -0.53), oxy-Hb (r = -0.88) and Hb absorbance at 340 nm (r = -0.79), 420 nm (r = -0.85) and 577 nm (r = -0.68) in patients with diabetes undergoing hemodialysis. Also PCO was significantly and positively correlated with Hb absorbance at 275 nm (r = 0.63) and 560 nm (r = 0.61) which confirmed the oxidative damage to erythrocytes in control subjects.Conclusions:Hemodialysis exacerbates oxidative stress and conformational changes of Hb in patients with diabetes on hemodialysis. The FRAP value can be used as a positive determinant, while PCO and Hb derivatives can be used as negative determinants of oxidative stress in patients with diabetes.

Changes in the inflammatory and oxidative stress markers during a single hemodialysis session in patients with chronic kidney disease

“…In the present study, there was significant increase in FRAP in end stage renal disease patients on dialysis when compared to controls. This was in accordance with many studies who observed altered nonenzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants in ESRD patients on PD and on HD [ 28 ]. We found a significant decrease in post-HD FRAP compared with predialysis levels.…”

Fermented goat milk improves antioxidant status and protects from oxidative damage to biomolecules during anemia recovery

“…IDA is associated with mortality, hospitalization and health‐related quality‐of‐life measures. There is controversy about the susceptibility to evoked oxidative stress of cells in IDA; however, it is accepted that ROS production plays an important role in hemoglobin (Hb) oxidation and methemoglobin (metHb) production . Therefore the potential oxidative damage generated by the participation of Fe in redox reactions might be due to improper Fe compartmentalization and trafficking during IDA rather than its total accumulation in the body.…”

The Effect of Iron Deficiency Anemia and Different Treatment Methods on DNA Damage: 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine Level

“…Therefore the potential oxidative damage generated by the participation of Fe in redox reactions might be due to improper Fe compartmentalization and trafficking during IDA rather than its total accumulation in the body. 2,3 Nearly 100 oxidative DNA base damage have been identified. The most commonly encountered and well known mutagenicity is associated with 8-OHdG.…”

“…It is accepted that reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is altered during IDA. 2,3 Iron deficiency also affects the production of iron-containing proteins such as cytochrome, myoglobin, catalase (CAT), and peroxidase. In IDA, antioxidant defense system deteriorates, cellular immunity, and myeloperoxidase activities decrease.…”