Comparison of the behavior of Zr(41.2%)Ti(13.8%)Cu(12.5%)Ni(10%)Be(22.5%) amorphous and crystallized mirrors under deuterium ion bombardment

Bardamid, A. F.; Voitsenya, V.S.; Davis, James W.; Konovalov, V. G.; Kovtun, K. V.; Ryzhkov, I. V.; Shtan, A. F.; Solodovchenko, S. I.; Trembach, O.V.; Васильев, А. А.; Breuer, U.; Litnovsky, A.

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2011.11.062

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The experiments on mirrors made from zirconium-and titanium-based amorphous alloys have demonstrated their extra-high resistance to long-term sputtering [36,37]: the amorphous mirror with composition Zr(41.2)Ti(13.8) Cu(12.5)Ni(10)Be(22.5) has kept its optical properties even after sputtering of a 13.4 μm thick layer (Fig. 8).…”

Section: Mirrors From Amorphous Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Certainly when operating ITER with tritium this would lead to a high tritium retention. Experiments on the interaction of a deuterium plasma ions of a few tens of eV with amorphous ZrTiNiCuBe mirrors were performed to study this effect [37]. Deuterium retention in these conditions is much more efficient than in experiments where hydrogen saturation was studied by exposing the AMA mirror to the gas phase or electrolytic solution.…”

Section: Fig (8)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This section presents a more detailed description of the behavior of amorphous mirrors versus the conditions of their exposure to a deuterium plasma, using mainly the data of ref [37] as basis.…”

Section: Mirrors From Amorphous Metal Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Simulation of the Behaviour of Diagnostic First Mirrors Fabricated of Different Metals for ITER Conditions

Voitsenya¹,

Bardamid²,

Donné³

2016

PHY

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In the experimental fusion reactor ITER, the plasma-facing component of each optical and/or laser diagnostic needs to be based on reflective optics with at least one mirror (first mirror) facing the thermonuclear plasma. The different kinds of radiation emanating from the burning plasma (neutrons, neutral atoms, electromagnetic radiation) create hostile operating conditions for the first mirrors. Therefore, a special program has been set up under the ITER framework aimed at solving the first mirror problem. This paper will review the main results in this field that have been obtained in the Institute of Plasma Physics, National Science Center “Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology” (in many cases in cooperation with groups of other countries, as indicated in corresponding parts of the manuscript) during long-term investigations directed to find a solution of this problem,i.e., to find a material and accompanying precautions in order to satisfy the requirements for first mirrors. The main efforts were devoted to finding solutions to overcome the impact of the most severe deteriorating factors resulting in degradation of the optical properties of mirrors: sputtering by charge exchange atoms and deposition of contaminants. The obtained results are focused on: the effects of long term sputtering on mirror specimens fabricated from different metals with different structures (polycrystals, single crystals, metal film on metal substrates, amorphous), the effects of contaminating film and the possible protection to avoid of its appearance, the role of chemical processes for some metal mirrors, and the choice of material of laser mirrors.

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Section: Mirrors From Amorphous Alloysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fig (8)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Simulation of the Behaviour of Diagnostic First Mirrors Fabricated of Different Metals for ITER Conditions

Voitsenya¹,

Bardamid²,

Donné³

2016

PHY

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“…This can be done by evaluating the diffraction peaks in the X-ray diffractogram (see Fig. 1 in [11]) and using the formula [12]:…”

Section: Crystallized Amorphous Alloy Mirrorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of surface relief on polycrystalline metals due to sputtering

Voitsenya

Balden

Bardamid

et al. 2013

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

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The characteristics of surface microrelief that appear in sputtering experiments with polycrystalline metals of various grain sizes have been studied. Specimens with grain sizes varying from 30 -70 nm in the case of crystallized amorphous alloys, to 1 -3 µm for technical tungsten grade and 10 -100 μm for recrystallized tungsten were investigated. A model is proposed for the development of roughness on polycrystalline metals which is based on the dependence of sputtering rate on crystal orientation. The results of the modeling are in good agreement with experiments showing that the length scale of roughness is much larger than the grain size. Voitsenya et al.Surface relief due to sputtering of polycrystalline metals

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“…Moreover, test of amorphous metal alloy mirrors were carried out under ion bombardment. These mirrors have no crystalline structure and after long-term sputtering the initial optical quality was maintained [9,11,12]. However, there is a critical difficulty with the possibility of recrystallization due to hydrogen embrittlement, to significantly reduced performance.…”

Section: Introduction *mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Coatings as Mirrors for Optical Diagnostics

Marot

Arnoux

Huber

et al. 2016

J. Coat. Sci. Technol.

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The aim of this work was to provide a comprehensive insight concerning coated films which might be used for first mirrors in ITER. The influence of the mirror crystallite size has been addressed as well as the coating techniques to provide nanocrystalline films. Tests of coated mirrors both in laboratories and in tokamaks are reviewed. For the tokamak tests a wide angle camera system has been installed in JET-ILW which is composed of a mirror box with 3 stainless steel mirrors coated with rhodium viewing the torus through a conically shaped aperture. The system delivered the required image quality for plasma monitoring and wall protection. No or insignificant degradation of the optical transmittance has been observed during the experimental campaign in 2014 with about 3000 plasma pulses in different magnetic field configurations.

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Comparison of the behavior of Zr(41.2%)Ti(13.8%)Cu(12.5%)Ni(10%)Be(22.5%) amorphous and crystallized mirrors under deuterium ion bombardment

Cited by 6 publications

References 24 publications

Experimental Simulation of the Behaviour of Diagnostic First Mirrors Fabricated of Different Metals for ITER Conditions

Experimental Simulation of the Behaviour of Diagnostic First Mirrors Fabricated of Different Metals for ITER Conditions

Development of surface relief on polycrystalline metals due to sputtering

Optical Coatings as Mirrors for Optical Diagnostics

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