Comparison of the Expression of Periodontal Markers in Dental and Bone Marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Abstract

Background: Periodontal ligament stem cells are a source of mesenchymal stem cells, but it is unclear whether their phenotype is distinct from mesenchymal stem cells derived from different tissues, such as those derived from bone marrow. Objective: To investigate the expression of the putative PDL markers asporin, periostin, nestin and cementum protein 1, by periodontal ligament stem cells both constitutively and during osteogenic differentiation when compared to bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, and dental pulp stem cells. Methods: The primary human periodontal ligament, bone marrow, and dental pulp stem cells, and osteoblasts from different donors were cultured in vitro. The expression of periodontal marker associated genes during osteogenic induction was tested by qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining. Results: Asporin expression was detected in periodontal ligament stem cells and increased markedly during the time in culture (upregulated x53 fold at 21 days post-induction). During osteogenic differentiation, asporin expression significantly decreased in periodontal ligament cells whereas periostin significantly decreased in dental pulp cells. Periostin expression was absent in osteoblasts, but expression gradually increased in all other cells with time in culture. Nestin expression was mainly seen in the periodontal ligament and dental pulp cells and was largely absent in osteoblasts and bone marrow cells. Cementum protein-1 was most highly expressed in bone marrow cells and osteoblasts following osteogenic induction. Conclusions: The results provide further evidence that periodontal ligament-derived and bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells are phenotypically distinct. Periodontal markers are also expressed in dental pulp stem cells.

Bioactive Nanofibrous Scaffolds Incorporating Decellularized Cell-Derived Extracellular Matrix for Periodontal Tissue Engineering

“…Interestingly, the decellularization process did not affect the expression of these proteins, which is in accordance with previous works. , Type I collagen and FIB are two of the predominant proteins present in the native PDL tissue . In fact, previous studies have already reported that COL I, FIB, and LAM are the main ECM proteins present in cell-derived ECM from various sources. , ASP is an ECM protein, also known as PDL-associated protein 1 (PLAP1), and is predominantly expressed in the PDL. , Interestingly, PDLSCs expressed proteins typically present in bone such as OPN and OC. These two proteins are present in the cementum and alveolar bone .…”

Mineral trioxide aggregate immersed in sodium hypochlorite reduce the osteoblastic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells

“…PLAP1 and POSTN are major extracellular proteins in PDL tissue 32 and OPG is secreted from human PDL cells to regulate osteoclasts in PDL tissue 33 ; therefore, these proteins (and the genes that encode them) are regarded as PDL-related markers. A previous report revealed that human PDLSCs expressed high levels of PLAP1 and POSTN; however, the expression levels of these genes were extremely low in human osteoblasts 34 , suggesting that line 1-17 cells exposed to D-WMTA and Na-WMTA differentiated into osteoblast-like cells. Furthermore, line 1-17 cells cultured with Na-WMTA expressed lower levels of BMP2, OPN, and ALP genes, compared with cells cultured with D-WMTA.…”

Cell-derived ECM loaded electrospun Polycaprolactone/Chitosan nanofibrous scaffolds for periodontal regeneration

“…Asporin is an ECM protein, also known as PDL-associated protein 1 (PLAP1) and is predominantly expressed in the PDL [35,36]. Interestingly, PDLSCs expressed proteins typically present in bone, such as osteopontin and osteocalcin.…”