Comparison of the expression patterns of newly identified zebrafish retinoic acid and retinoid X receptors

Waxman, Joshua S.; Yelon, Deborah

doi:10.1002/dvdy.21049

Cited by 57 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, the RA synthesis enzyme Raldh2 (also known as Aldh1a2 -ZFIN) is expressed along the trunk mesoderm in domains that extend posterior to the pancreatic domain (Begemann et al, 2001;Grandel et al, 2002), and RA receptors are expressed throughout the posterior endoderm (Waxman and Yelon, 2007). It is thus likely that the RA-degrading Cyp26 enzymes are also important for modulating RA signals during pancreas development.…”

Section: Cdx4 Prevents Insulin Expression In Posterior Endodermmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cdx4 is required in the endoderm to localize the pancreas and limitβ-cell number

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cdx transcription factors have crucial roles in anteroposterior patterning of the nervous system and mesoderm. Here we focus on the role of cdx4 in patterning the endoderm in zebrafish. We show that cdx4 has roles in determining pancreatic ␤-cell number, directing midline convergence of ␤-cells during early pancreatic islet formation, and specifying the anteroposterior location of foregut organs. Embryos deficient in cdx4 have a posteriorly shifted pancreas, liver and small intestine. The phenotype is more severe with knockdown of an additional Cdx factor, cdx1a. We show that cdx4 functions within the endoderm to localize the pancreas. Morpholino knockdown of cdx4 specifically in the endoderm recapitulates the posteriorly shifted pancreas observed in cdx4 mutants. Conversely, overexpression of cdx4 specifically in the endoderm is sufficient to shift the pancreas anteriorly. Together, these results suggest a model in which cdx4 confers posterior identity to the endoderm. Cdx4 might function to block pancreatic identity by preventing retinoic acid (RA) signal transduction in posterior endoderm. In support of this, we demonstrate that in cdx4-deficient embryos treated with RA, ectopic ␤-cells are located well posterior to the normal pancreatic domain.

show abstract

Section: Cdx4 Prevents Insulin Expression In Posterior Endodermmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cdx4 is required in the endoderm to localize the pancreas and limitβ-cell number

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Despite potential for functional redundancy, there is likely to be significant differences in RAR function because expression levels of RAR isoforms vary both temporally and spatially [9,10]. Geneknockout experiments of RARs in mice support differential function of RARs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

The Development and Growth of Tissues Derived from Cranial Neural Crest and Primitive Mesoderm Is Dependent on the Ligation Status of Retinoic Acid Receptor γ: Evidence That Retinoic Acid Receptor γ Functions to Maintain Stem/Progenitor Cells in the Absence of Retinoic Acid

Wai

Kawakami²,

Wada³

et al. 2015

Stem Cells and Development

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Retinoic acid (RA) signaling is important to normal development. However, the function of the different RA receptors (RARs)--RARα, RARβ, and RARγ--is as yet unclear. We have used wild-type and transgenic zebrafish to examine the role of RARγ. Treatment of zebrafish embryos with an RARγ-specific agonist reduced somite formation and axial length, which was associated with a loss of hoxb13a expression and less-clear alterations in hoxc11a or myoD expression. Treatment with the RARγ agonist also disrupted formation of tissues arising from cranial neural crest, including cranial bones and anterior neural ganglia. There was a loss of Sox 9-immunopositive neural crest stem/progenitor cells in the same anterior regions. Pectoral fin outgrowth was blocked by RARγ agonist treatment. However, there was no loss of Tbx-5-immunopositive lateral plate mesodermal stem/progenitor cells and the block was reversed by agonist washout or by cotreatment with an RARγ antagonist. Regeneration of the caudal fin was also blocked by RARγ agonist treatment, which was associated with a loss of canonical Wnt signaling. This regenerative response was restored by agonist washout or cotreatment with the RARγ antagonist. These findings suggest that RARγ plays an essential role in maintaining stem/progenitor cells during embryonic development and tissue regeneration when the receptor is in its nonligated state.

show abstract

“…Unlike other vertebrates, zebrafish lacks a recognizable Rarβ gene. Instead, the RARE is found in raraa, an ortholog of Rarα (Hale et al, 2006;Waxman and Yelon, 2007), which was reported to be the only RA-inducible zebrafish RAR (Linville et al, 2009). A putative RARE is found upstream of a Fugu rubripes gene model labeled 'RARγ-A-like', which a BLASTP search indicates is most closely related to RARβ (not shown).…”

Section: Rarβ2 Is the Predominant Rarβ Isoform In Xenopus Laevismentioning

confidence: 99%

RARβ2 is required for vertebrate somitogenesis

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During vertebrate somitogenesis, retinoic acid is known to establish the position of the determination wavefront, controlling where new somites are permitted to form along the anteroposterior body axis. Less is understood about how RAR regulates somite patterning, rostral-caudal boundary setting, specialization of myotome subdivisions or the specific RAR subtype that is required for somite patterning. Characterizing the function of RARβ has been challenging due to the absence of embryonic phenotypes in murine loss-offunction studies. Using the Xenopus system, we show that RARβ2 plays a specific role in somite number and size, restriction of the presomitic mesoderm anterior border, somite chevron morphology and hypaxial myoblast migration. Rarβ2 is the RAR subtype whose expression is most upregulated in response to ligand and its localization in the trunk somites positions it at the right time and place to respond to embryonic retinoid levels during somitogenesis. RARβ2 positively regulates Tbx3 a marker of hypaxial muscle, and negatively regulates Tbx6 via Ripply2 to restrict the anterior boundaries of the presomitic mesoderm and caudal progenitor pool. These results demonstrate for the first time an early and essential role for RARβ2 in vertebrate somitogenesis.

show abstract

Comparison of the expression patterns of newly identified zebrafish retinoic acid and retinoid X receptors

Cited by 57 publications

References 38 publications

Cdx4 is required in the endoderm to localize the pancreas and limitβ-cell number

Cdx4 is required in the endoderm to localize the pancreas and limitβ-cell number

The Development and Growth of Tissues Derived from Cranial Neural Crest and Primitive Mesoderm Is Dependent on the Ligation Status of Retinoic Acid Receptor γ: Evidence That Retinoic Acid Receptor γ Functions to Maintain Stem/Progenitor Cells in the Absence of Retinoic Acid

RARβ2 is required for vertebrate somitogenesis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About