Comparison Study between Oat Seeds Powder and Simvastatin Drug on some Hormones and Histological Features of Aorta and Liver in Healthy and Ovariectomized White Female New Zealand Rabbits

Abstract

This study was conducted to invistigate the effect of oat seeds powder for which contain of active compounds that stimulate necessary hormones production to reduce the effect of ovariectomy in initiate and development of atherosclerosis, and its effects on liver tissue, then compared with simvastatin drug which used to decrease the level of cholesterol, Triglycerides and (LDL-c) Low Density-Lipoproteins-cholesterol which have the great effect on atherosclerosis. The results showed positive effects as a significant increase (P≤0.0001) in Adiponectin hormone with significant decrease in Leptin hormone in rabbit's serum that given oat seeds powder and also those treated with simvastatin drug, and insignificant increase in Estrogen hormone in this two groups compared with control group in contrast there is a negative effects as a significant decrease in Adiponectin hormone and Estrogen hormone concentration in ovariectomized rabbit's serum with significant increase in Leptin hormone concentration, while tend in ovariectomized rabbits given oat seeds powder to be in near with normal concentration in control, and ovariectomized rabbits group given simvastatin showed either significant or insignificant near with normal concentration in control. Experimental atherosclerosis by ovariectomy in females led to negative effects on biochemical criteria of blood serum as compared with control group, which was represented by significant increase in the concentration of Total Cholesterol (TC) and Low Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c), beside significant decrease in High Density Lipoproteinscholesterol (HDL-c) and Paraoxonase enzyme (PON-1), in general treated rabbits with oat seeds powder led to positive willful for all precedent parameters. Histological sections of aorta artery in ovariectomized rabbits showed atherosclerotic lesions between the muscle fibers in media of aorta in contrast with the normal structure of aorta in rabbits in control group. Ovaiectomy led to negative effects on histological features of healthy and overectomized rabbit's liver.

Oxidized LDL and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease

“…more ever, the ratio changes in men versus women may have distinct pathological responses [30] . The results show decrease in arylesterase level, arylesterase can in turn hydrolyze lipid peroxides in ox-LDL and convert them to a less atherogenic LDL-C thus causing further reduction in ox-LDL content [16] . Arylesterase is a calcium dependent HDL associated ester hydrolase that catalyese the hydrolysis of organophosphates , aromatic carboxylic acid esters and carbamates purified human HDL associated arylesterase retards the oxidation of LDL by preventing the generation of lipid peroxides [7].…”

“…Oxidative stress is a state in which oxidation exceeds the antioxidant systems in the body, it is arises from an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the body's antioxidant defenses against them, which intensifies cellular damage. The antioxidant defenses enable the body system to remove ROS, restore the prevailing reducing environment and repair the tissue damage [16]. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the etiology and pathogenesis of many chronic diseases such as atherosclerosis, hypertension cancers [17] and diabetes mellitus which is a chronic metabolic condition leading to microvascular and macrovascular complications resulting in considerable morbidity and mortality, Patients with diabetes are at a two to four-fold increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD).…”

Comparison of the effect of the alcoholic extract of leaves and fruits of hawthorn plant Crataegus azarolus with the drug simvastatin in its effect in reducing cardiovascular disease in male rabbits with experimental fat disorder

“…2. The II group (cholesterol group): This group treated by giving a standard diet plus hyperlipidemic diet (HLD) with a concentration of 260 mg/kg [14] of the weight of the diet on a daily basis for the duration of the experiment. 3.…”

“…5. The V group (the cholesterol group and Simvastatin): This group treated with a standard meal (HLD) and Simvastatin was injected with a concentration of 0.3 mg / kg [14] of body weight on a daily basis throughout the trial period. 6.…”