“…This has been clearly established in the biological, ecological, and environmental literature. These competitive interactions have even been applied in other fields, such as stock markets [41,42], mobile phone markets [43], global television industries [44,45], innovative industries [46], operating system markets [47], the study of alternative energy [48e50], and in the study of the feedbacks between the economy, population, labour, and capital [51,52]. However, we are not aware of any current reports regarding the investigation on the time sequence analysis to explore the competitive interactions among the three Es, and among different types of energy resources, to find a dynamic equilibrium point, as well as forecast these variables.…”