Composition- and Morphology-Dependent Corrosion Stability of Ruthenium Oxide Materials

Abstract

Ruthenium oxide materials were evaluated as possible non-carbon-based supports for fuel cell catalysts. The effects of composition and morphology of ruthenium oxide materials on the conductivity and corrosion stability in the gas-diffusion electrode (GDE) configuration were thoroughly investigated. The compositions of the bulk and surface of three ruthenium oxide materials, along with the surface area and surface morphology, were compared. We have found that all tested ruthenium oxide powders exhibited higher corrosion stability compared to carbon. Full conversion of RuO(2).nH(2)O to the RuO(2) phase by postreduction in a hydrogen atmosphere leads to improved conductivity and corrosion stability.

An overview of metal oxide materials as electrocatalysts and supports for polymer electrolyte fuel cells

“…Pylypenko investigated the ruthenium oxides as non-carbon supports for fuel cell catalysts. 114 All ruthenium oxide powders exhibit greater corrosion stability than carbon. Full conversion of RuO 2 $nH 2 O to the RuO 2 phase by postreduction in a hydrogen atmosphere leads to improved conductivity and corrosion stability.…”

Enhanced Oxygen Reduction Reaction by Pd‐Pt Alloy Catalyst with Stabilized Platinum Skin

“…Since, ORR is found to be very sensitive to the surface electronic structure and surface atomic arrangement of the Pt catalyst; engineering its surface properties is believed to be effective in achieving enhancement in the catalyst activity and durability . Manipulation of the surface properties has been achieved by various ways such as: (i) synthesizing Pt nanocrystals with the most active exposed facets, (ii) combining Pt with other non‐precious metals in the form of alloy, core shell, and dendrimer nanostructures showing improved properties due to synergistic effects of two different metals, (iii) decorating the Pt surface with the foreign species like metal clusters, organic molecules, ions, organic or inorganic compounds and (iv) selecting high corrosion resistant carbon or non‐carbon support to enhance the durability by improving catalyst support interactions . Of these, formation of multimetallic alloy structures with Pt has gained significant importance because they show combination of properties associated with different metals as well as astonishing properties due to synergetic effect between the different metals.…”

“…[7] Manipulation of the surface properties has been achieved by various ways such as: (i) synthesizing Pt nanocrystals with the most active exposed facets, [8] (ii) combining Pt with other non-precious metals in the form of alloy, core shell, and dendrimer nanostructures showing improved proper-ties due to synergistic effects of two different metals, [9][10][11][12][13] (iii) decorating the Pt surface with the foreign species like metal clusters, organic molecules, ions, organic or inorganic compounds [14][15][16] and (iv) selecting high corrosion resistant carbon or non-carbon support to enhance the durability by improving catalyst support interactions. [18][19] Of these, formation of multimetallic alloy structures with Pt has gained significant importance because they show combination of properties associated with different metals as well as astonishing properties due to synergetic effect between the different metals. Till date, many Pt based alloy systems such as PtPd, [20] PtAu, [14,21] PtAg, [22] PtCu, [23] PtNi, [24] PtCo [25] and PtW [26] with different compositions displaying improved activity have been reported.…”

Ultrathin TiO2-coated MWCNTs with excellent conductivity and SMSI nature as Pt catalyst support for oxygen reduction reaction in PEMFCs

“…15 The use of carbon black (CB) as an electrocatalyst support in low-temperature PEMFCs imposes limits on the durability of the electrocatalysts, thus reducing the actual working life of fuel cell based power devices. 16 The carbon corrosion process is accelerated by the highly corrosive environment within the fuel cells, and also by the transient conditions during the start-up and shutdown cycles that result in cathode voltage excursions into high anodic/oxidative overpotentials. Under such conditions, in the presence of platinum, a powerful carbon oxidation catalyst, carbon corrosion is even more pronounced.…”