Compositionally Graded Steels: A Strategy for Materials Development

Chéhab, B.; Zurob, Hatem S.; Embury, David; Bouaziz, Olivier; Bréchet, Y.

doi:10.1002/adem.200900180

Cited by 21 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The ferrite decarburization is not allowed in some national standards on spring steel, such as ASTM A232, JIS G3565 and GB/T 1222. On the other hand, according to recent investigation, the ferrite decarburization can also be used to make compositionally graded materials [9,10]. It's very important to make the mechanism of ferrite decarburization clear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ferrite Decarburization of High Silicon Spring Steel in Three Temperature Ranges

Zhao¹,

Zhang²,

Liu³

2016

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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Surface decarburization of high silicon spring steel in ambient air was studied. The experimental results confirmed the decarburized mechanism under AC1 temperature, in the temperature range of AC1-AC3 and AC3-G. Under AC1 temperature, pearlite spheroidization and surface decarburization are carried out simultaneously and pearlite spheroidization is reinforced. Considering the oxidation loss depth, the “true ferrite decarburized depth” at 850 °C (AC3-G) is still smaller than that at 760°C (AC1-AC3). That is because an “incubation period” must pass away before ferrite decarburization occurs in the temperature range of AC3-G, and the ferrite decarburized rate is limited to being equal to the partial decarburized rate.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ferrite Decarburization of High Silicon Spring Steel in Three Temperature Ranges

Zhao¹,

Zhang²,

Liu³

2016

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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“…These materials have a length scale in addition to that inherent in the microstructure, allowing new combinations of strength and ductility to be attained. Two recent articles (23,24) outline the principles of these architectured materials. A variety of steel structures can be produced by controlled carburizing or decarburizing to produce combinations of martensite bainite and ferrite, which can be varied in terms of both volume fraction and overall spatial distribution.…”

Section: /10 Stainless Steelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chehab et al (24) used an elastoplastic model to develop the basic mechanics for architectured materials in the form of coaxial cylinders. This analysis gives (a) a simplified view of not only the work hardening of a coaxial system and the associated residual stress distribution but also the onset of global instability or necking and (b) a description of stress-controlled core failure.…”

Section: /10 Stainless Steelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steel-Based Composites: Driving Forces and Classifications

Embury

Bouaziz

2010

Annu. Rev. Mater. Res.

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103

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In this overview of steel-based composites, consideration is given to conventional metal-matrix composites, in which steel is combined with another metal, ceramic, or polymer. In addition, we define fully steel composites, in which both components of the structure are developed within the steel. These approaches are integrated by discussing a series of macroscopic, mesoscopic, and microscopic examples. This review provides an integrated view of steel composites and allows modeling of the mechanical response to be considered both at the continuum level and in terms of dislocation mechanisms depending on the length scale and the degree of mechanical contrast between the constituent phases. In the context of fully steel composites, consideration is given to static systems in which the volume fraction of the strengthening phase is constant and the length scale is varied by heat treatment or imposed plastic strain. Moreover, we discuss dynamic systems in which a phase transition occurs concomitantly with plastic strain, resulting in an increase in the density of planar barriers that control the plasticity. A discussion of classical works that describe materials such as Damascus steels is used as a template to consider a variety of ways of producing ultrahighstrength steel composites. Examples of applications are cited and linked to the important issue of developing appropriate fabrication methods for the production of current and future steel composites. 213 Annu. Rev. Mater. Res. 2010.40:213-241. Downloaded from www.annualreviews.org by University of Sussex on 10/10/12. For personal use only.

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“…This often involves creating a hierarchical structure in the material. Some examples of architectured materials include topological interlocking materials (Dyskin et al) [7] for improved damage tolerance and flexibility, compositionally graded steels (Chehab et al) [8] for improved toughness or surface properties and periodic cellular materials/microtrusses (Bouwhuis et al) [9] for high specific stiffness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrugation Reinforced Composites: A Method for Filling Holes in Material‐Property Space

Fraser

Zurob

2017

Adv Eng Mater

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Material-property space is filled with holes representing desirable combinations of properties, such as high strength and high necking strain. One way to fill those holes is to use architectured materials. In this work, Finite Element Modeling (FEM) simulations are performed to evaluate composites with a corrugated reinforcement architecture across a range of volume fractions and corrugation heights for a model copper-steel system. The corrugated reinforcement geometry shows large improvements in necking strain, which increases with corrugation height, without sacrificing strength, and fills a desirable region in material-property space. Additionally, it is found that the necking strain of a matrix material can be increased by adding a less ductile reinforcing material provided it has a highly corrugated geometry. The improvement in necking strain seen in these composites is attributed to a boost in work hardening that results from an evolving reinforcement alignment as the corrugation unbends.

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Compositionally Graded Steels: A Strategy for Materials Development

Cited by 21 publications

References 19 publications

Ferrite Decarburization of High Silicon Spring Steel in Three Temperature Ranges

Ferrite Decarburization of High Silicon Spring Steel in Three Temperature Ranges

Steel-Based Composites: Driving Forces and Classifications

Corrugation Reinforced Composites: A Method for Filling Holes in Material‐Property Space

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