“…However, these improved schemes do not generally inherit SAs ability of escaping from local optima (Henderson et al, 2003). In evolutionary computation field, population-based meta-heuristics, such as differential evolution algorithm (Ali et al, 2009;Mashwani, 2014;Rajathy et al, 2010;Storn and Price, 1997;Zhang et al, 2014), particle swarm optimisation (PSO) algorithm Gao et al, 2012;Kennedy and Eberhart, 1995;Wang and Wang, 2014;Xia et al, 2014) ant colony optimisation (ACO) algorithm (Colorni et al, 1992a(Colorni et al, , 1992b, etc., are equipped with intelligent learning ability to guide their searching, so they have showed better efficiency.…”