A review of available literature on machine tool transmission housings with specific reference to structural vibration, chatter analysis, and noise radiation is presented in this paper. Housings include gearboxes and structures supporting other transmission elements like vee pulleys, impellers, and motor shafts. Analytical and experimental methodologies reported in the recent past for strength, vibration and noise analysis, mounts and suspension, structural optimization, overall drive and housing systems are discussed. Typical design guidelines, as outlined by various investigators, are included. Future research trends are also indicated.