Concanavalin A‐binding by cells of the early chick embryo

Hook, Sheely L.; Sanders, Esmond J.

doi:10.1002/jcp.1040930109

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…It has been shown that Con A-binding sites change quantitatively during development in the ectoderm of amphibian neurulae (O'Dell etal. 1974), in chick blastoderms (Hook and Sanders 1977) and in neurulating ectoderm of rats (Currie et al 1984). Our results also showed that the amount of fluorescence, indicating sites on the surface of the contact region of the neural ridge, was slightly more than that on neural grooves, but was weaker than on surface ectoderm (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

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The masking effect of sialic acid on Con A, PNA and SBA ectoderm binding sites during neurulation in the bantam chick embryo

Takahashi

1992

Anat Embryol

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The masking effect of sialic acid on cell surface carbohydrates localized on the ectoderm in stage 6-11 bantam embryos was examined using fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled Con A, PNA, SBA, LFA, and LPA before and after neuraminidase treatment. The results showed selective lectin binding on both the neuroectoderm and the surface ectoderm. In general, these lectin-binding sites increased or were at least expressed on neuroectoderm during neurulation. On the apical surfaces of the developing neuroectoderm, masked Con A-binding sites were evident from the earliest stage and rapidly increased. These sites coexisted with unmasked binding sites which gradually increased. Masked PNA sites were rarely observed but became abundant in later stages, even though coexistent unmasked sites also rapidly increased. Masked SBA sites were poorly observable in the early stage and gradually increased thereafter, whereas unmasked sites were expressed at later stages. On the basal surfaces masked Con A sites were evident in the early stages but gradually decreased in later stages, whereas unmasked sites were relatively abundant and increased thereafter. Masked PNA sites were evident and increased very rapidly, whereas unmasked sites became observable up to the latest stage. Masked SBA sites were minimal in all three stages, and unmasked sites expressed themselves slightly at later stages. The change in composition of carbohydrates on the developing neuroectoderm was obviously different from that on the developing surface ectoderm. On the contact surface of the neural ridge, the number of masked sites of penultimate sugars was large at Con A sites, slight at PNA and SBA sites, which coexisted with unmasked sugar chain terminals in the areas where Con A sites were moderate and where PNA and SBA sites were poor. Finally, the role of masking on binding sites for Con A, PNA and SBA during neural tube closure is discussed, and the observation that the apparent masking effect on three lectin binding sites did not correspond to the content of sialic acid detected by LFA and LPA is a subject for further study.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

“…1989). Few studies have used lectin on the developing ectoderm in vivo (Hook and Sanders 1977;Sanders and Anderson 1979;Currie etal. 1984;Slack 1985;Takahashi and Howes 1986;Takahashi 1988;Bergmann etal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The masking effect of sialic acid on Con A, PNA and SBA ectoderm binding sites during neurulation in the bantam chick embryo

Takahashi

1992

Anat Embryol

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“…Previous investigations on a variety of embryonic systems have clearly shown that developmentally regulated cell surface changes may be reflected by alterations in lectin-binding characteristics (Currie et al, 1984;Laitinen et al, 1987;Holthofer and Virtanen, 1987;Takahashi, 1988). Ultrastructural work with the early chick embryo (Hook and Sanders, 1977;Sanders and Anderson, 19791, using Con A from the glucose/ mannose group and WGA from the glucosamine group, has previously indicated that cell surface oligosaccharide changes can be detected during the process of gastrulation. Subsequently, more detailed information on such stages has been forthcoming from monoclonal antibody-binding studies (Thorpe et al, 1988;Loveless et al, 19901, and this, together with the availability of a wide panel of biotinylated lectins, has made possible correlative studies with these two approaches (Muramatsu, 1988a,b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Con A and WGA have been ultrastructurally localized during gastrulation previously ( Hook and Sanders, 1977;Sanders and Anderson, 1979). In the case of RCA the binding was highly localized.…”

Section: Electron Microscopymentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Lectin cytochemistry has been used extensively for this purpose in many developmental studies (reviewed by Sanders, 1986b;Damjanov, 19871, not only in the early chick embryo (Hook and Sanders, 1977;Sanders and Anderson, 1979;Takahashi and Howes, 1986;Griffith and Wiley, 19901, but also in the amphibian (Nosek, 1978) and the mammal (Currie et al, 1984;Smits-van Prooije et al, 1986;Griffith and Wiley, 1989). In the present study, we have used an extensive panel of lectins, at the light and electron microscope levels, to characterize cell surface changes in the chick embryo during gastrulation and neurulation.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Changes in glycoconjugate expression during early chick embryo development: A lectin‐binding study

Griffith

Sanders

1991

Anat. Rec.

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A selection of lectins was used to investigate developmentally regulated changes in the distribution of cell surface oligosaccharides during the gastrulation and neurulation stages of early chick embryo development. Lectins from three specificity classes were used: glucose/mannose specificity (concanavalin A [Con A], Lens culinaris agglutinin [LCA], Pisum sativum agglutinin [PSA]); N-acetylglucosamine specificity (Lycopersicon esculentum agglutinin [LEA], wheat germ agglutinin [WGA], succinylated WGA [sWGA]); N-acetylgalactosamine/galactose specificity (Dolichos biflorus agglutinin [DBA], soybean agglutinin [SBA], Sophora japonica agglutinin [SJA], Bandeiraea (Griffonia) simplicifolia lectin I [BSL I], peanut agglutinin [PNA], Artocarpus integrifolia lectin [Jacalin], Ricinus communis agglutinin-1 [RCA-1], Erythrina cristagalli lectin [ECL]). At gastrulation stages, patterns of lectin binding could be distinguished in the epiblast, mesoderm, and endoderm cell layers. The primitive streak failed to bind any of the lectins, but LEA and WGA bound to the epiblast in regions lateral to the streak, indicating the loss of some glucosamine residues medially in preparation for the ingression movements of gastrulation. Several lectins showed marked binding to the mesoderm cells after their passage through the primitive streak; these were LCA, PSA, WGA, sWGA, BSL, and most particularly PNA. Therefore, the epithelial-mesenchymal transformation from epiblast to mesoderm at the primitive streak is accompanied by cell surface oligosaccharide changes in the epiblast and mesoderm that involve all classes of lectins including the PNA-binding sequence Gal beta 1-3GalNAc. Ultrastructurally, PNA was shown to bind extracellularly to matrix fibrils. Jacalin, having the same sugar specificity as PNA, but binding to serine/threonine linked chains rather than asparagine linked chains showed no binding to the mesoderm.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Ultrastructural localization of wheat germ agglutininbinding sites on surfaces of chick embryo cells during early differentiation

Sanders

Anderson

1979

Journal Cellular Physiology

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The objective of this work was to examine changes in a surface component of cells from the chick embryo during morphogenetic migrations of gastrulation. Two electron microscope techniques were used to localize cell-bound wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), a lectin which specifically binds N-acetyl glucosamine residues. One technique involved conjugation of peroxidase to WGA before reaction with the cells; the other technique used glucose oxidase to mark WGA which was already cell-bound. In both cases, binding was revealed using diaminobenzidine. Before formation of the primitive streak, all surfaces of the two-layered embryo bound WGA. After migration of cells through the streak, to form the three-layered embryo, not all cell surfaces bound WGA equally. Epiblast cells generally bound WGA lateral to the primitive streak but not during passage through the streak. Mesenchyme cells, after passage through the streak, bound WGA increasingly as they migrated away from the streak. A WGA-binding matrix was observed in the vicinity of the mesenchyme cells and on the dorsal surface of the endoblast. The ventral surface of the endoblast bound the lectin very poorly. In some instances, a peroxidase reaction product was consistently seen on certain surfaces which was not removable by addition of the simple hapten N-acetyl glucosamine. In these cases, the density of the deposit was lessened by use of diacetyl chitobiose as a hapten. This result, together with the reduction of reaction product following certain hyaluronidase treatments, suggests that WGA may be binding to hyaluronic acid as well as membrane glycoproteins.

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Concanavalin A‐binding by cells of the early chick embryo

Cited by 14 publications

References 22 publications

The masking effect of sialic acid on Con A, PNA and SBA ectoderm binding sites during neurulation in the bantam chick embryo

The masking effect of sialic acid on Con A, PNA and SBA ectoderm binding sites during neurulation in the bantam chick embryo

Changes in glycoconjugate expression during early chick embryo development: A lectin‐binding study

Ultrastructural localization of wheat germ agglutininbinding sites on surfaces of chick embryo cells during early differentiation

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