Concentrations of 15-ketodihydro-PGF2α, cortisol, and progesterone in the plasma of healthy and pathologic newborn foals

Panzani, S.; Villani, M.; McGLADDERY, A. J.; Magrí, M; Kindahl, H.; Galeati, Giovanna; Martino, Piera Anna; Veronesi, M.C.

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2009.06.015

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The present study demonstrates susceptibility of the HPA axis to programming by natural glucocorticoids in the period immediately after birth in long-lived species. Neonatal glucocorticoid programming, therefore, occurs in precocious as well as altricial species with implications for the development and adult function of the HPA axis in newborn foals that are hypercortisolemic as a result of prematurity, dysmaturity, maladaptation, or illness [20][21][22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal glucocorticoid overexposure programs pituitary-adrenal function in ponies

Jellyman

Valenzuela

Allen

et al. 2015

Domestic Animal Endocrinology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal glucocorticoid overexposure programs pituitary-adrenal function in ponies

Jellyman

Valenzuela

Allen

et al. 2015

Domestic Animal Endocrinology

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“…1984). If the premature foals born close to full‐term survive beyond the first 48 h, their cortisol concentrations are raised compared with healthy mature foals (Panzani et al . 2009).…”

Section: The Hypothalmic‐pituitary‐adrenal Axismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Certainly, when delivery occurs prematurely either naturally or by induction with oxytocin before 320 days, plasma P 5 and other progestagen concentrations are high in the newborn foal in conjunction with low cortisol concentrations, consistent with a switch in adrenal steroidogenesis very close to term (Holtan et al . 1991; Panzani et al . 2009).…”

Section: The Hypothalmic‐pituitary‐adrenal Axismentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine adaptations in the foal over the perinatal period

Fowden

Forhead

Ousey

2012

Equine Veterinary Journal

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SummaryIn adapting to life ex utero, the foal encounters a number of physiological challenges. It has to assume the nutritional, respiratory and excretory functions of the placenta and activate full regulatory control over its own internal environment for the first time. To achieve this, there must be structural and functional changes to a wide range of tissues including several endocrine glands. In most species, including the horse, these maturational changes begin in late gestation and continue into the first few days of neonatal life. Consequently, during this perinatal period, there are major changes in the sensitivity and/or set point of key endocrine axes, which alter the circulating hormone concentrations in the foal. In turn, these endocrine changes are responsible for many of the other physiological adaptations essential for neonatal survival. The perinatal alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis are particularly important in these processes, although the sympatho-adrenal medullary axis and endocrine pancreas also have key roles in ensuring homeostasis during the multiple novel stimuli experienced at birth. Abnormalities in the perinatal endocrine profile caused by adverse conditions before or after birth may, therefore, lead to maladaptation or aid survival of the newborn foal depending on the specific circumstances. This review examines the perinatal changes in endocrinology in normal and compromised foals and the role of these endocrine changes in the physiological adaptations to extrauterine life with particular emphasis on the HPA axis, adreno-medullary catecholamines and the endocrine pancreas.

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“…It could be that foals perceive risks (including humans) as less of a threat when increasing in size over the summer. Alternatively, changes in behaviour could reflect shifts in physiology, such as a steady decline in plasma cortisol concentrations in early life (Panzani et al 2009;Comin et al 2012). Similarly, spatial variation in FID could be due to important west-east gradients in horse habitat quality (Contasti et al 2012), social environment (Manning et al 2015), and genetic diversity (Lucas et al 2009) that are known to occur along the length of the island, rather than (or in addition to) human presence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Island tameness and the repeatability of flight initiation distance in a large herbivore

et al. 2017

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Antipredator behaviours can be lost relatively quickly in populations that are relieved of predation, as is known for several species inhabiting islands. Flight initiation distance (FID) is often studied in the context of island tameness; however, little is known about the factors that influence and maintain FID variation in predation-free populations. Here, we studied FID in foals of an isolated predator-free population of feral horses (Equus caballus L., 1758) on Sable Island, Canada, to determine if FID could be used for research on consistent individual differences in risk aversion and island tameness. In addition to testing for temporal, spatial, and sex effects on FID, we compared repeatability estimates at two temporal scales (within and among days). Similar FID for measurements obtained on the same day and for males and females indicated an absence of short-term desensitization and sex effects. In contrast, FID decreased for measurements made on subsequent days and from east to west, which could reflect habituation to human presence and (or) other temporal and spatial processes. Repeatability was high (0.42 ± 0.06), but tended to decrease with increasing time intervals. This study highlights the potential of FID for individual-based research on the ecology and evolutionary dynamics of risk aversion in predation-free populations.Key words: boldness, Equus caballus, fear, horse, personality, risk aversion, temperament.Résumé : Les comportements anti-prédateurs peuvent disparaître assez rapidement dans les populations ne faisant plus l'objet de prédation, comme cela est le cas pour plusieurs espèces habitant des îles. La distance de fuite (DF) est souvent étudiée dans le contexte de la docilité insulaire; cependant, les connaissances sur les facteurs qui influencent et maintiennent les variations de la DF dans les populations sans prédateurs sont toutefois limitées. Nous avons étudié la DF chez des poulains d'une population de chevaux feraux (Equus caballus L., 1758) isolée et sans prédateurs à l'île de Sable (Canada) pour déterminer si la DF peut être utilisée pour étudier les différences individuelles sur le plan de l'aversion au risque et de la docilité insulaire. En plus de vérifier la présence d'effets temporels, spatiaux et du sexe sur la DF, nous avons comparé des estimations de la répétabilité à deux échelles temporelles (durant une même journée et sur plusieurs jours). Des DF semblables pour des mesures obtenues le même jour et pour les mâles et les femelles indiquent l'absence de désensibilisation à court terme et d'effets du sexe. Par contre, la DF diminuait pour des mesures prises sur plusieurs jours et de l'est vers l'ouest, ce qui pourrait refléter une habituation à la présence d'humains ou d'autres processus temporels ou spatiaux. La répétabilité était élevée (0,42 ± 0,06), mais tendait à diminuer pour des intervalles de temps plus grands. L'étude fait ressortir le potentiel que présente la DF pour l'étude reposant sur les individus de l'écologie et la dynamique de l'évolution de l'...

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Concentrations of 15-ketodihydro-PGF2α, cortisol, and progesterone in the plasma of healthy and pathologic newborn foals

Cited by 22 publications

References 28 publications

Neonatal glucocorticoid overexposure programs pituitary-adrenal function in ponies

Neonatal glucocorticoid overexposure programs pituitary-adrenal function in ponies

Endocrine adaptations in the foal over the perinatal period

Island tameness and the repeatability of flight initiation distance in a large herbivore

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