Conditional male fertility in maize

Pollak, Peggy E.; Hansen, Keith; Astwood, James D.; Taylor, Loverine P.

doi:10.1007/bf00228943

Cited by 35 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…These data raise the possibility that flavonols are produced in developing pollen and thus challenge the earlier contention that the tapetum is exclusively responsible for the presence of flavonols in pollen (Beerhues et aL, 1989;Pollak et aL, 1995;Vogt and Taylor, 1995). Promoter activity of flavonoid genes, CHS transcripts and CHI enzyme activity have been established in developing pollen (Hauffe et al, 1993;Herdt et al, 1978;Ohl et al, 1990;Shen and Hsu, 1992;Van Tunen et aL, 1990).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 45%

“…Pollen from flavonol-deficient maize and petunia plants is unable to form functional pollen tubes, which makes the plants self-sterile. This deficiency can be complemented by adding flavonols to the pollen or to the stigma (Mo et al, 1992;Pollak et al, 1995;Van der Meer et aL, 1992;Ylstra et al, 1994). However, the role of flavonols during pollen tube growth is not undisputed because the flavonol-deficient Arabidopsis thaliana tt4-1 mutant exhibits normal pollen tube growth and seed set (Shirley et aL, 1995;Ylstra, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regulation of flavonol biosynthesis during anther and pistil development, and during pollen tube growth in Solanum tuberosum

et al. 1997

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 45%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of flavonol biosynthesis during anther and pistil development, and during pollen tube growth in Solanum tuberosum

et al. 1997

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“…C2 is expressed in all tissues that produce anthocyanin, whereas the second copy of chalcone synthase, Whp, is expressed in only a single tissue-the tapetum of the developing tassel (Coe et al, 1981). Either C2 or Whp is sufficient to ensure flavonol synthesis in the tapetum, which is essential for the structural integrity of the pollen tube during subsequent germination (Pollak et al, 1995). This redundancy helps ensure continued male fertility in the event that one of the chalcone synthase genes is lost.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multidrug Resistance–Associated Protein Involved in Anthocyanin Transport in Zea mays

2004

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Anthocyanin biosynthesis is one of the most thoroughly studied enzymatic pathways in biology, but little is known about the molecular mechanisms of its final stage: the transport of the anthocyanin pigment into the vacuole. We have identified a multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP), ZmMrp3, that is required for this transport process in maize (Zea mays). ZmMrp3 expression is controlled by the regulators of anthocyanin biosynthesis and mirrors the expression of other anthocyanin structural genes. Localization of ZmMRP3 in vivo shows its presence in the tonoplast, the site at which anthocyanin transport occurs. Mutants generated using antisense constructs have a distinct pigmentation phenotype in the adult plant that results from a mislocalization of the pigment as well as significant reduction in anthocyanin content, with no alteration in the anthocyanin species produced. Surprisingly, mutant plants did not show a phenotype in the aleurone. This appears to reflect the presence of a second, highly homologous gene, ZmMrp4, that is also coregulated with the anthocyanin pathway but is expressed exclusively in aleurone tissue. This description of a plant MRP with a role in the transport of a known endogenous substrate provides a new model system for examining the biological and biochemical mechanisms involved in the MRP-mediated transport of plant secondary metabolites.

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“…Fl-deficient plants are self-sterile because the pollen fails to germinate (Mo et al, 1992;Taylor and Jorgensen, 1992) or to produce a functional tube (Ylstra, 1994;Pollak et al, 1995). These defects are conditional: When Fldeficient pollen was placed on wild-type stigmas, the pollen germinated and seeds were produced (Taylor and Jorgensen, 1992;Vogt et al, 1994;Ylstra, 1994), a phenotype defined as conditional male fertility (CMF) by Taylor and Jorgensen (1992).…”

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confidence: 99%

Isolation and Characterization of cDNAs Expressed in the Early Stages of Flavonol-Induced Pollen Germination in Petunia

et al. 2000

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Petunia (Petunia hybrida) pollen requires flavonols (Fl) to germinate. Adding kaempferol to Fl-deficient pollen causes rapid and synchronous germination and tube outgrowth. We exploited this system to identify genes responsive to Fls and to examine the changes in gene expression that occur during the first 0.5 h of pollen germination. We used a subtracted library and differential screening to identify 22 petunia germinating pollen clones. All but two were expressed exclusively in pollen and half of the clones were rare or low abundance cDNAs. RNA gel-blot analysis showed that the steady-state transcript levels of all the clones were increased in response to kaempferol. The sequences showing the greatest response to kaempferol encode proteins that have regulatory or signaling functions and include S/D4, a leucine-rich repeat protein, S/D1, a LIM-domain protein, and D14, a putative Zn finger protein with a heme-binding site. Eight of the clones were novel including S/D10, a cDNA only expressed very late in pollen development and highly up-regulated during the first 0.5 h of germination. The translation product of the S/D3 cDNA shares some features with a neuropeptide that regulates guidance and growth in the tips of extending axons. This study confirmed that the bulk of pollen mRNA accumulates well before germination, but that specific sequences are transcribed during the earliest moments of Fl-induced pollen germination.

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Conditional male fertility in maize

Cited by 35 publications

References 28 publications

Regulation of flavonol biosynthesis during anther and pistil development, and during pollen tube growth in Solanum tuberosum

Regulation of flavonol biosynthesis during anther and pistil development, and during pollen tube growth in Solanum tuberosum

A Multidrug Resistance–Associated Protein Involved in Anthocyanin Transport in Zea mays

Isolation and Characterization of cDNAs Expressed in the Early Stages of Flavonol-Induced Pollen Germination in Petunia

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