Conducting polymer-based electrochemical biosensors for neurotransmitters: A review

Moon, Jong‐Min; Thapliyal, Neeta; Hussain, Khalil K.; Goyal, Rajendra N.; Shim, Yoon‐Bo

doi:10.1016/j.bios.2017.11.069

Cited by 327 publications

(144 citation statements)

References 204 publications

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“…The electrochemical reaction being monitored would cause generation of a detectable current (amperometric), a detectable charge/potential accumulation (potentiometric), or alter the conductivity (conductometric) of the analyte medium between the electrodes. A review by Moon et al reveals the use of electrochemical biosensor based on conductive polymer for recognizing neurotransmitters that control the physiological and behavioral function in the peripheral and central nervous system . Gui et al excellently assessed the use of electrochemical biosensor based on molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) that showed superior capacity for detecting selective biomolecules .…”

Section: Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The term “biosensor” was coined by Clark and associates in 1962 where they developed an enzyme‐based glucose sensing device and they quantified the concentration of glucose using glucose oxidase immobilized on the oxygen electrode via a semi‐permeable membrane . Since then, due to their adaptability, biosensors have been urbanized for the recognition of some complex biological species like virus, pathogens, insulin, neurotransmitters, and hormones . In recent times, menacing diseases caused by viruses, for instance, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS‐CoV), Nipah, avian influenza, Hendra , etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, other parameters like portability, response time, accessibility, storage, and operational stability need to be considered. Numerous materials such as semiconductor, magnetic nanoparticle, metal oxide, carbon‐based nanomaterial, and intrinsically conducting polymer (ICP) have been developed for biosensing applications. Among the abovementioned material, ICP is much‐admired for biosensors due to its paramount characteristics such as biocompatibility, inimitable electronic structure (for facile transfer of electrons), tunable electrical conductivity (via doping), environmental stability, facile corrosion‐free synthesis, and sensitivity to small perturbations .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Progress in the Development of Intrinsically Conducting Polymer Composites as Biosensors

Prajapati

Kandasubramanian

2019

Macro Chemistry & Physics

104

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Biosensors are analytical devices which find extensive applications in fields such as the food industry, defense sector, environmental monitoring, and in clinical diagnosis. Similarly, intrinsically conducting polymers (ICPs) and their composites have lured immense interest in bio‐sensing due to their various attributes like compatibility with biological molecules, efficient electron transfer upon biochemical reactions, loading of bio‐reagent, and immobilization of biomolecules. Further, they are proficient in sensing diverse biological species and compounds like glucose (detection limit ≈0.18 nm), DNA (≈10 pm), cholesterol (≈1 µm), aptamer (≈0.8 pm), and also cancer cells (≈5 pm mL−1) making them a potential candidate for biological sensing functions. ICPs and their composites have been extensively exploited by researchers in the field of biosensors owing to these peculiarities; however, no consolidated literature on the usage of conducting polymer composites for biosensing functions is available. This review extensively elucidates on ICP composites and doped conjugated polymers for biosensing functions of copious biological species. In addition, a brief overview is provided on various forms of biosensors, their sensing mechanisms, and various methods of immobilizing biological species along with the life cycle assessment of biosensors for various biosensing applications, and their cost analysis.

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Section: Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Progress in the Development of Intrinsically Conducting Polymer Composites as Biosensors

Prajapati

Kandasubramanian

2019

Macro Chemistry & Physics

104

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“…Neurotransmitters, also known as chemical messengers, are endogenous chemicals that enable neurotransmission. They transmit signals across a chemical synapse, such as a neuromuscular junction, from one neuron (nerve cell) to another “target” neuron, muscle cell, or gland cell . Neurotransmitters such as serotonin (5‐HT), dopamine (DA), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) are widely involved in behaviors related to motor activity, cognition, motivation and reward .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propamocarb exposure decreases the secretion of neurotransmitters and causes behavioral impairments in mice

Zhang

Jin

Wang

et al. 2018

Environmental Toxicology

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Propamocarb (PM) is a type of fungicide, which is widely used in the greenhouse-based production of vegetables and fruits globally. It has been considered to have generally low toxicity. However, the teratogenicity or neurotoxicity for mammals remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to explore its effect on the secretion of neurotransmitters and behavioral impairments.Male adult mice were exposed to 10 and 40 mg/L PM for 2 weeks (acute exposure) or 3 and 10 mg/L PM for 10 weeks (chronic exposure). It was observed that acute or chronic exposure to PM changed the levels of serotonin (5-HT) and dopamine in the serum and colon and the transcription of TPH2 and DRD2 in the colons of mice. In addition, the locomotor test, the open field test, and the Morris water maze analysis also showed that acute exposure to PM caused behavioral impairments to some extent. The results obtained in the present study indicated that PM has the potential to induce neurotoxicity in animals. K E Y W O R D Sbehavioral impairments, mice, neurotoxicity, neurotransmitters, propamocarb

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“…The first time that a polymer was electrochemically prepared and characterized was in 1862 by Letheby [43], who carried out the electrolytic oxidation of a sulphatic solution of aniline, obtaining polyaniline. Since then, conducting polymers have been broadly used to modify electrodes for the development of chemical sensors and biosensors, because they conduct electricity very well, have an effective superficial area and are easy to prepare [44]. Considerably different conducting polymers have been stated [45], and polyaniline (PANI) [46], polyacetylene [47], polypyrrole (PPy) [48], and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) [49] are among the most widely used.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Folding-Based Electrochemical Aptasensor for the Determination of β-Lactoglobulin on Poly-L-Lysine Modified Graphite Electrodes

Amor-Gutiérrez

Selvolini

Fernández‐Abedul

et al. 2020

Sensors

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Nowadays, food allergy is a very important health issue, causing adverse reactions of the immune system when exposed to different allergens present in food. Because of this, the development of point-of-use devices using miniaturized, user-friendly, and low-cost instrumentation has become of outstanding importance. According to this, electrochemical aptasensors have been demonstrated as useful tools to quantify a broad variety of targets. In this work, we develop a simple methodology for the determination of β-lactoglobulin (β-LG) in food samples using a folding-based electrochemical aptasensor built on poly-L-lysine modified graphite screen-printed electrodes (GSPEs) and an anti-β-lactoglobulin aptamer tagged with methylene blue (MB). This aptamer changes its conformation when the sample contains β-LG, and due to this, the spacing between MB and the electrode surface (and therefore the electron transfer efficiency) also changes. The response of this biosensor was linear for concentrations of β-LG within the range 0.1-10 ng·mL −1 , with a limit of detection of 0.09 ng·mL −1 . The biosensor was satisfactorily employed for the determination of spiked β-LG in real food samples.incidence of the most popular food allergies throughout Europe [13] revealed that allergy to cow's milk is, nowadays, the most frequent food allergy, especially in early-age children, implying a percentage of around 6% in the youngest population [14,15]. Immunoglobulin E (IgE) normally mediates cow's milk allergy, and the symptoms usually occur within 2 h after milk intake [16]. In whey from cow's milk, one of the most important proteins considered to be an allergen is β-lactoglobulin (β-LG), which is classified within the lipocalins, a group of binding proteins with small ligands [17]. Its quaternary structure, identified in 1997 using X-Ray diffraction [18], is dependent on the pH. For example, at pH values between 5.2 and 7.0, it is a dimer, and its molecular weight (MW) is around 37 kDa. However, at pH values over 8.0, it exists as a monomer, and its MW is approximately 18 kDa [19]. This protein has a great potential as milk allergen because it is remarkably stable and it is not present in human milk [20], and, apart from that, it is regularly used as an additive in lots of food products [21].The development of analytical approaches used to detect and quantify food allergens has become increasingly significant [22] because labeling in food is crucial for the consumers, in order to prevent major health problems. The analysis of allergens in food samples [23] is usually carried out by immunoassay-based approaches, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) [11,14,24] or lateral-flow immunoassays (LFIAs) [25,26], as well as DNA-based methods, which detect the genes encoding for the proteins using amplifying methods, for instance, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) [27,28]. Proteomic tests have been also used for the determination of allergens [29]. Although these methods are very sensitive, they are time-consuming and the instrumenta...

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Conducting polymer-based electrochemical biosensors for neurotransmitters: A review

Cited by 327 publications

References 204 publications

Progress in the Development of Intrinsically Conducting Polymer Composites as Biosensors

Progress in the Development of Intrinsically Conducting Polymer Composites as Biosensors

Propamocarb exposure decreases the secretion of neurotransmitters and causes behavioral impairments in mice

Folding-Based Electrochemical Aptasensor for the Determination of β-Lactoglobulin on Poly-L-Lysine Modified Graphite Electrodes

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