Conductivity of inkjet-printed PEDOT:PSS-SWCNTs on uncoated papers

Abstract

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiopene): poly (styrene-sulfonate), or PEDOT:PSS, as well as singlewalled carbon nanotubes, were incorporated into an inkjet ink. Handsheets were prepared which contained varying amounts of TiO2filler, internal sizing agent, fixation agent, and either softwood or hardwood kraft pulp. The ink was jetted onto the handsheets to form conductive layers with apparent conductivity as high as 0.018 S/cm on internally alkyketene dimer-sized softwood kraft handsheets with no other additives. Internal sizing increased conductivity at low filler loadings by preventing PEDOT:PSS from penetrating into the substrate, resulting in a conductive ink film on the surface of the sample. Unsized handsheets allowed more rapid absorption, and therefore deeper penetration, of the PEDOT:PSS ink, which resulted in a more diffuse conductive layer. The inclusion of a polyethyleneimine retention aid for TiO2filler decreased conductivity significantly even in unfilled sheets by interaction with PSS-counterions. A positively charged fixation agent, poly(diallyldimethylammonium) chloride, reduced PEDOT conductivity through the retention of nonconductive PSS-anions.

Cutting Edge Use of Conductive Patterns in Nanocellulose‐Based Green Electronics

“…However, some chemical components inside the substrate can cause chemical incompatibility issues with conductive ink, leading to ink aggregation or uneven spreading during conductive pattern processing. [ 141 ] Finally, 5) the hydrophilic/hydrophobicity of the substrate should be considered to control water adsorption. Water adsorption promotes swelling of the substrate, which reduces the electrical conductivity of the conductive film on the substrate.…”

Coating of Conducting Polymers on Natural Cellulosic Fibers

“…A more stable conductivity was reported to be achieved by adding single-walled carbon nanotubes into the PEDOT:PSS ink. Retention aids and fixation agents of the paper seem to interact with the PSS ions thus lowering the conductivity of the printed films [64]. Another interesting method of patterning CPs on to paper is the "pen-writing" method.…”

Polythiophene coated poly(methyl methacrylate) sheet as a new candidate for flexible organic electrode applications

“…Conductive polymers were admixed with metallic powders to yield conductive inks for divers printing techniques applicable in flexible electronics. PEDOT:PSS [poly(3,4-ethylenedi oxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate)] is used in inkjet conductive printing in pure form [21] or in form of nanocomposite with single-walled carbon nanotubes [22]. The pure film of this conductive polymer is used to inkjet print patterns of flexible solar cells [23].…”