Cone beam computed tomography analysis results in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome

Abstract

Introduction The present study aimed to investigate the contribution of cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) to the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS). Methods The present study investigate the relationships among body mass index (BMI), upper airway, septum deviation, nasal cavity width, airway, and the hard and soft palate width using CBCT images of 64 patients obtained in Uşak University Faculty of Dentistry. The study included 31 (8 female and 23 male; mean age: 52.52 ± 10.01 years) and 33 patients (12 female and 21 male; mean age: 47.39 ± 10.27 years) with and without OSAS, respectively. Between‐group comparisons of non‐normally and normally distributed variables were performed using the Mann‐Whitney U test and Student's t‐test, respectively. Spearman's correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between quantitative data. Statistical significance was evaluated at P < .01 and P < .05. Results There were significant differences between groups in the BMI, nasal septum position, hard and soft palate width, maxillary skeletal width, and palatal alveolar angle (P < .01). In addition it was also found that BMI was higher, the nasopharyngeal airway was longer, and the soft palate was longer and wider in males. (P = .001; P < .01). Conclusion This study concluded that patients with OSAS had marked narrowing of the upper airway, nasal cavity and maxillary width, shortening and enlargement of the soft palate, and marked increase in BMI. However, to gather sufficiently reliable data for routine use in orthodontic analyses, there is a need for greater number of samples to improve the database.