Cone Penetration and Laboratory Testing in Marine Calcareous Sediments

Beringen, F. L.; Kolk, H.J.; Windle, D.W.

doi:10.1520/stp28916s

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This may suggest that the large calcite content of this ancient sample is a result of rawmaterial processing by the addition of limestone sand during the manufacturing of ceramics. The Atterberg limits also confirm these experimental observations, because the greater the carbonate content, the lower the observed LL (Table 3) and IP (Table 5), as reported by Beringen et al (1982). The flow curves, showing the linear interpolation for each sample in a semi-logarithmic chart of the points, having moisture content as the ordinate and the number of blows in the Casagrande apparatus as the abscissa, were also evaluated (see the Supporting Information).…”

Section: Unfired Materialssupporting

confidence: 68%

Characterization of clays and the technology of Roman ceramics production

et al. 2018

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The recent discovery of a Roman ceramics manufacturing workshop at Montelabate (Perugia, Italy), in use from the first century BC until the late-fourth to fifth centuries AD, offers a unique opportunity to study the technical processes for producing Roman amphorae. Ancient and modern clays were sampled and analysed; they do not differ significantly, supporting the hypothesis of the exploitation of the rich local clay source that allowed a continuity of production. Characterization of the clays was performed using geotechnical methods (Atterberg limits and size distribution) and by thermogravimetric and differential thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and X-ray fluorescence analyses. The material was suitable for pottery making with the addition of calcite and quartz sand temper. Production waste and discarded materials as well as good-quality products were also analysed with the same methodology. It is therefore possible to reconstruct the ancient technology by defining the recipe for the production of the amphorae and their firing temperature on the basis of the decomposition of clay materials and the presence of newly formed minerals.

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Section: Unfired Materialssupporting

confidence: 68%

Characterization of clays and the technology of Roman ceramics production

et al. 2018

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“…A N K (cone factor) of between ~ 7 -11 is obtained for mid-density snow (initial density 400 -600 kg m -3 ); compare this value to that observed in calcareous sands where precipitated bonds have formed between particles (Beringen et al, 1982), and a N K of ~ 15 -20 is observed. A N K (cone factor) of between ~ 7 -11 is obtained for mid-density snow (initial density 400 -600 kg m -3 ); compare this value to that observed in calcareous sands where precipitated bonds have formed between particles (Beringen et al, 1982), and a N K of ~ 15 -20 is observed.…”

Section: Snow Strengthmentioning

confidence: 51%

Cone Penetration Testing in Polar Snow

McCallum¹,

Barwise²,

Santos³

2011

All Days

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Rate-controlled Cone Penetration Testing (CPT) using unique portable equipment was recently conducted in Antarctica. This testing was undertaken in an attempt to investigate the strength and thence bearing capacity of polar snow via insitu means. The application of this technique may prove useful in assessing numerous physical parameters of snow and other geomaterials found within the Polar Regions including stratigraphy, density, strength and bearing capacity. This paper explores some of the data found within this preliminary investigation and highlights the possibilities for future employment of the method, including the possibility of introducing Laser Induced Florescence tools (LIF) as additional sensors for the insitu detection and speciation of hydrocarbon contaminants. Further, the measuring of sleeve friction in addition to tip-resistance may provide insight into material microstructure, significantly enhancing any strength estimate. The use of this easily deployable equipment in polar environs can provide significant site investigation data that may not otherwise be obtainable.

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“…Brittle failure in high-S h silty-sands is also observed in this study by Yoneda et al (2015). Because cone penetrometers have not been used extensively in hydrate-bearing sands, the empirical parameter N k is chosen based on the work of Beringen et al (1982), who found N k to be in the range of 15e20 in their study of calcareous soils. Using the binding in calcareous soils as an analog for the strengthening behavior of gas hydrate in sands, N k is also taken to be 15e20 in Table 1, which shows the shear strength S u for the peak tip load in each measured location.…”

Section: Instrumented Pressure Testing Chambermentioning

confidence: 55%

Hydro-bio-geomechanical properties of hydrate-bearing sediments from Nankai Trough

Santamarina

Dai

Terzariol

et al. 2015

Marine and Petroleum Geology

209

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a b s t r a c tNatural hydrate-bearing sediments from the Nankai Trough, offshore Japan, were studied using the Pressure Core Characterization Tools (PCCTs) to obtain geomechanical, hydrological, electrical, and biological properties under in situ pressure, temperature, and restored effective stress conditions. Measurement results, combined with index-property data and analytical physics-based models, provide unique insight into hydrate-bearing sediments in situ. Tested cores contain some silty-sands, but are predominantly sandy-and clayey-silts. Hydrate saturations S h range from 0.15 to 0.74, with significant concentrations in the silty-sands. Wave velocity and flexible-wall permeameter measurements on neverdepressurized pressure-core sediments suggest hydrates in the coarser-grained zones, the silty-sands where S h exceeds 0.4, contribute to soil-skeletal stability and are load-bearing. In the sandy-and clayey-silts, where S h < 0.4, the state of effective stress and stress history are significant factors determining sediment stiffness. Controlled depressurization tests show that hydrate dissociation occurs too quickly to maintain thermodynamic equilibrium, and pressureetemperature conditions track the hydrate stability boundary in pure-water, rather than that in seawater, in spite of both the in situ pore water and the water used to maintain specimen pore pressure prior to dissociation being saline. Hydrate dissociation accompanied with fines migration caused up to 2.4% vertical strain contraction. The firstever direct shear measurements on never-depressurized pressure-core specimens show hydratebearing sediments have higher sediment strength and peak friction angle than post-dissociation sediments, but the residual friction angle remains the same in both cases. Permeability measurements made before and after hydrate dissociation demonstrate that water permeability increases after dissociation, but the gain is limited by the transition from hydrate saturation before dissociation to gas saturation after dissociation. In a proof-of-concept study, sediment microbial communities were successfully extracted and stored under high-pressure, anoxic conditions. Depressurized samples of these extractions were incubated in air, where microbes exhibited temperature-dependent growth rates.Published by Elsevier Ltd.

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Cone Penetration and Laboratory Testing in Marine Calcareous Sediments

Cited by 21 publications

References 7 publications

Characterization of clays and the technology of Roman ceramics production

Characterization of clays and the technology of Roman ceramics production

Cone Penetration Testing in Polar Snow

Hydro-bio-geomechanical properties of hydrate-bearing sediments from Nankai Trough

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