Congenital Rubella Reinfection in a Mother With Anti-Cardiolipin and Anti-Platelet Antibodies

Barfield, Wanda D.; Gardner, Roxane; Lett, Susan M.; Johnsen, Christine

doi:10.1097/00006454-199702000-00017

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Infection during the first trimester of pregnancy can cause fetal defects that vary in severity from malformed digits to fetal death; this is termed congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) (Wolinsky, 1996). The continued importance of understanding this phenomenon is underscored by reports of CRS in infants born to mothers who had been vaccinated against RV (Barfield et al, 1997;Hornstein et al, 1988;Robinson et al, 1994). Although animal models have not been used extensively, congenital rubella effects have been demonstrated in rats (Avila et al, 1972;Cotlier et al, 1968), rabbits (Kono et al, 1969;London et al, 1970), and ferrets (Rorke et al, 1968).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rubella Virus-Induced Apoptosis Varies among Cell Lines and Is Modulated by Bcl-XLand Caspase Inhibitors

et al. 1999

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Rubella virus (RV) causes multisystem birth defects in the fetuses of infected women. To investigate the cellular basis of this pathology, we examined the cytopathic effect of RV in three permissive cell lines: Vero 76, RK13, and BHK21. Electron microscopy and the TUNEL assay showed that the cytopathic effect resulted from RV-induced programmed cell death (apoptosis) in all three cell lines, but the extent of apoptosis varied among these cells. At 48 h postinfection, the RK13 cell line showed the greatest number of apoptotic cells, the Vero 76 cell line was approximately 3-fold less, and BHK21 had very few. An increased multiplicity of infection and longer time postinfection were required for the BHK21 cell line to reach the level of apoptotic cells in Vero 76 at 48 h. Purified RV induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent fashion, but not UV-inactivated RV or virus-depleted culture supernatant. Specific inhibitors of the apoptosis-specific proteases caspases reduced RV-induced apoptosis and led to higher levels of RV components in infected cells. To address the role of regulatory proteins in RV-induced apoptosis, the antiapoptotic gene Bcl-2 or Bcl-XL was transfected into RK13 cells. Although a high level of Bcl-2 family proteins was expressed, no protection was observed from apoptosis induced by RV, Sindbis virus, or staurosporine in RK13 cells. In BHK21 cells, however, increased expression of Bcl-XL protected cells from apoptosis. The observed variability in apoptotic response to RV of these cell lines demonstrates that programmed cell death is dependent on the unique properties of each cell and may be indicative of how selective organ damage occurs in a congenital rubella syndrome fetus.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rubella Virus-Induced Apoptosis Varies among Cell Lines and Is Modulated by Bcl-XLand Caspase Inhibitors

et al. 1999

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“…Reviewing the last 1Oyears ofliterature, we were unable to define a cutoff level of antirubella antibodies considered protective in case of renewed contact with the wild virus during pregnancy (Table 1 ).3,5- 9,11,12,[14][15][16] In eight of 16 cases of CRS after reinfection the maternal specific antirubella IgG was at least 15…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Congenital Rubella Syndrome After Maternal Reinfection

Bullens

Smets²,

Vanhaesebrouck

2000

Clin Pediatr (Phila)

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“…Os casos de reinfecção ocorrem com mais freqüência em individuos com ou alteração da imunidade (defeitos no mecanismo humoral ou células mediadas) ou falha vacinal (HORSTMANN 1970(HORSTMANN , 1969MORGAN-CAPNER et al, 1985a;CUSI et al, 1990CUSI et al, ,1993BARFIELD et al, 1997;BEST;BANATVALA,2000).…”

Section: Vacinasunclassified

Epidemiologia molecular do vírus da rubéola isolados no Estado de São Paulo durante o período de 1997 a 2004.

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Congenital Rubella Reinfection in a Mother With Anti-Cardiolipin and Anti-Platelet Antibodies

Cited by 9 publications

References 4 publications

Rubella Virus-Induced Apoptosis Varies among Cell Lines and Is Modulated by Bcl-XLand Caspase Inhibitors

Rubella Virus-Induced Apoptosis Varies among Cell Lines and Is Modulated by Bcl-XLand Caspase Inhibitors

Congenital Rubella Syndrome After Maternal Reinfection

Epidemiologia molecular do vírus da rubéola isolados no Estado de São Paulo durante o período de 1997 a 2004.

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