Conjugated linolenic acid nanoparticles inhibit hypercholesterolemia induced by feeding a high-fat diet in male albino rats

Sengupta, A. K.; Gupta, Surashree Sen; Nandi, Isita; Ghosh, Mahua

doi:10.1007/s13197-013-0974-2

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Not much significant variations in the average body weight of rats fed with different dietary treatments were observed. This proves that CLA has anti-obesity property, which may be attributed to the modulation in lipid metabolism leading to the reduction of lipid uptake by adipocytes and manifested as reduction in body fat gain [2]. Yu et al [20] reported that two weeks feeding of trans -10, cis -12 CLA reduced abdominal adipose tissue weight than linoleic acid fed to rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Due to insoluble nature of cholesterol in blood, it is transported to and from the cells by carriers known as lipoproteins- Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and High-density lipoprotein (HDL). People with high triglyceride level along with high LDL level and a low HDL level are at health risk [2]. Antioxidants are the molecules that inhibit the oxidation of other molecules and these include glutathione, vitamin C, vitamin A, and vitamin E as well as enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase and various peroxidases [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High conjugated linoleic acid enriched ghee (clarified butter) increases the antioxidant and antiatherogenic potency in female Wistar rats

Kathirvelan¹,

Kanwal

Tyagi

et al. 2013

Lipids Health Dis

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BackgroundHypercholesterolemia and oxidative stress are the main stimulating factors responsible for coronary artery disease and progression of atherosclerosis. Dairy food products are rich in conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) which is considered as an important component due to its potential health benefits such as anticarcinogenic, antiatherogenic, antidiabetic and antiadipogenic properties. In the present study, the effect of CLA enriched ghee on the antioxidant enzyme system and antiatherogenic properties in Wistar rats has been studied.MethodsFemale Wistar rats of 21 days were taken for the study and fed with soybean diet (Control diet), low CLA diet and high CLA ghee diet (treatments) for thirty five days for studying antioxidative enzymes and sixteen weeks in case of antiatherogenic studies.ResultsFeeding of high CLA enhanced ghee during pubescent period in rats lead to an increase in catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activities in blood and increased CAT, SOD and glutathione transferase (GST) enzymes activities in liver by 27, 130 and 168 percent, respectively. Plasma nitrate concentration and Haemoglobin levels remained the same in all the treatments. Feeding of high CLA ghee resulted in lower (P < 0.01) plasma cholesterol & triglyceride level (52.17 and 30.27%), and higher high density lipoproteins (33.26%) than feeding of soybean oil (control group) and thus manifested in decreased (P < 0.05) atherogenic index (from 0.472 to 0.244). Lesser cholesterol and triglyceride levels were observed in the liver and aorta of high CLA fed rats than in those of the other groups. Histopathological studies of liver showed normal hepatic cords with portal triad in the high CLA ghee fed rats whereas fatty degeneration of hepatocytes containing fat vacuoles was observed in the liver of the other groups.ConclusionThis paper is the first report of the antioxidant and antiatherogenic properties of the high CLA enriched ghee suggesting that high CLA ghee can be used as a potential food for decreasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases, particularly in India, where, ghee is widely used for culinary and medicinal purposes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High conjugated linoleic acid enriched ghee (clarified butter) increases the antioxidant and antiatherogenic potency in female Wistar rats

Kathirvelan¹,

Kanwal

Tyagi

et al. 2013

Lipids Health Dis

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“…Among these CFA, the second the most widely studied group compounds seem to be the conjugated linolenic acids (CLnA), which are the primary FA constituents of seeds of certain plants . Plethora of experiments have undergone to elucidate properties of CLnA isomers and very promising results had been obtained . One of the most commonly known dietary sources of CLnA, for centuries used in Asian folk medicine for diabetes and atherosclerosis treatment are pomegranate ( Punica granatum , Punicaceae) and bitter melon ( Momordica charantia , Cucurbitaceae) fruits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…[5] Plethora of experiments have undergone to elucidate properties of CLnA isomers and very promising results had been obtained. [6][7][8] One of the most commonly known dietary sources of CLnA, for centuries used in Asian folk medicine for diabetes and atherosclerosis treatment are pomegranate (Punica granatum, Punicaceae) and bitter melon (Momordica charantia, Cucurbitaceae) fruits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Punica granatum (Pomegranate) Seed Oil and Momordica charantia (Bitter Melon) Extract Affect the Lipid's Profile and Oxidative Stability of Femoral Muscles of Rats

Białek

Lepionka

et al. 2019

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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Pomegranate seed oil (PSO) and bitter melon extract (BM), used in folk medicine nowadays are available as dietary supplements, but information about consequences of their simultaneous usage are still scarce. This study aims to evaluate the influence of supplementation of rats’ diet with PSO separately or jointly with BM on the fatty acid (FA), cholesterol, malondialdehyde (MDA), and tocopherols concentrations in femoral muscles. Sprague‐Dawley rats (n = 36) are fed control diet (group C) or experimental diets supplemented only with 0.15 ml PSO/day (group G) or together with BM (group GM). After 21 weeks of supplementation, muscles are subjected to either gas (FA and cholesterol) or liquid (conjugated FA, tocopherols, and MDA) chromatographic analyses. Applied diets do not influence negatively health and welfare of animals. Conjugated linolenic acid (CLnA) isomers, predominating in PSO, are converted into ct/tc conjugated dienes (CD), with rumenic acid being the main CD, and incorporated into muscles. Supplementation of diet with PSO decreases the cholesterol and MDA contents in muscles. Influence of PSO and BM on activity of desaturases results in varied polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) content. Some PUFA may be converted into conjugated FA either exogenously or as a result of enzymatic or non‐enzymatic processes. Practical Applications: Dietary sources of conjugated linolenic acid isomer, e.g., PSO and BM, are known for their beneficial properties and thus willingly consumed world‐wide. Limited safety information of their simultaneous use is available despite their over‐consumption and may probably cause adverse effects. PSO and BM given to rats improves a lipid profile of femoral muscles, decreases cholesterol, increases polyunsaturated fatty acids and rumenic acid content, and counteracts lipid oxidation. These results may be a starting point for experiments conducted on farm animals considering their supplementation with PSO in order to possible improvement of nutritional value of their meat. After detailed surveys confirming beneficial influence of both supplements on human health and well‐being, these botanicals may be safely introduced into human diet. This study evaluates the influence of supplementation of rats’ diet with pomegranate seed oil separately or jointly with bitter melon extract on fatty acid, cholesterol, malondialdehyde, and tocopherols concentrations in femoral muscles. After 21 weeks of supplementation, muscles are subjected to either gas or liquid chromatographic analyses. Supplementation of diet with pomegranate seed oil decreases cholesterol and malondialdehyde contents.

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“…Numerous studies have reported that CLA exhibits a variety of health benefits, including anti-cancer [4,5], anti-oxidation [6], anti-atherosclerotic [7], anti-diabetic [8], [9] and anti-obesity effects. [10,11] In addition to CLA, another group of conjugated fatty acids, the conjugated αlinolenic acid (CLNA) isomers, have recently received increased attention for biological properties similar to those of CLA. Several plant-derived CLNAs have been studied, including punicic acid (PUA) from pomegranate and trichosanthes; αeleostearic acid (α-ESA) and β-eleostearic acid (β-ESA) from tung, bitter ground and snake gourd seed; catalpic acid (CA) from catalpa, jacaric acid (JA) from jacaranda; αcalendic acid (α-CDA) and β-calendic acid (β-CDA) from pot marigold.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiproliferation Activity and Mechanism of c9, t11, c15-CLNA and t9, t11, c15-CLNA from Lactobacillus plantarum ZS2058 on Colon Cancer Cells

Ren¹,

Yang²,

Zhu³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The probiotic bacterial strain Lactobacillus plantarum ZS2058 has been proved to manifest comprehensive functions, which were due to ability to synthesise conjugated fatty acids (CFAs). To investigate the specific functions of CFAs produced by this probiotic bacterium, α-linolenic acid was isomerized by Lactobacillus plantarum strain ZS2058, and two different conjugated α-linolenic acid (CLNA) isomers were successfully isolated. These isoforms, CLNA1 (c9, t11, c15-CLNA, purity 97.48%) and CLNA2 (c9, t11, t15-CLNA, purity 99.00%), both showed the ability to inhibit the growth of three types of colon cancer cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. In addition, the expression of MDA in Caco-2 cells was increased by CLNA1 or CLNA2, which indicated lipid peroxidation was related to the antiproliferation activity of CLNAs. Examination of the key protein of pyroptosis showed that CLNA1 induced the cleavage of caspase-1 and gasdermin-D, while CLNA2 induced the cleavage of caspase-4, 5 and gasdermin-D. The addition of relative inhibitors could alleviate the pyroptosis by CLNAs. CLNA1 and CLNA2 showed no effect on caspase-3, 7, 9 and PARP-1, which were key proteins associated with apoptosis. And no sub-diploid apoptotic peak appeared in the result of PI single staining test. In conclusion, CLNA1 activated caspase-1 and induced Caco-2 cell pyroptosis, whereas CLNA2 induced pyroptosis through the caspase-4/5-mediated pathway. The inhibition of Caco-2 cells by the two isomers was not related to apoptosis. This is the first report showing the ability of CLNAs to activate antioxidant defenses resulting in pyroptosis.

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Conjugated linolenic acid nanoparticles inhibit hypercholesterolemia induced by feeding a high-fat diet in male albino rats

Cited by 20 publications

References 28 publications

High conjugated linoleic acid enriched ghee (clarified butter) increases the antioxidant and antiatherogenic potency in female Wistar rats

High conjugated linoleic acid enriched ghee (clarified butter) increases the antioxidant and antiatherogenic potency in female Wistar rats

Punica granatum (Pomegranate) Seed Oil and Momordica charantia (Bitter Melon) Extract Affect the Lipid's Profile and Oxidative Stability of Femoral Muscles of Rats

Antiproliferation Activity and Mechanism of c9, t11, c15-CLNA and t9, t11, c15-CLNA from Lactobacillus plantarum ZS2058 on Colon Cancer Cells

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