Conservation Management Practices and Rotations for Irrigated Dry Bean Production in Southern Alberta

Larney, Francis J.; Pearson, Drusilla C.; Li, Lingling; Blackshaw, Robert E.; Lupwayi, Newton Z.

doi:10.2134/agronj15.0062

Cited by 14 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Timothy and oat were included in the 6-yr rotation. The effects of rotation and soil management on dry bean (Larney et al 2015) and potato (Larney et al 2016) performance and surface soil quality (Li et al 2015) have already been reported. The specific objectives of this paper are to assess sugar beet yield and quality over 12 yr under CONV and CONS soil management in rotations ranging from 4 to 6 yr in length.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sugar beet response to rotation and conservation management in a 12-year irrigated study in southern Alberta

Larney

Nitschelm²,

Regitnig³

et al. 2016

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) has a long history as an option for irrigated crop rotations in southern Alberta. A 12-yr (2000–2011) study compared conservation (CONS) and conventional (CONV) management for sugar beet in 4- to 6-yr rotations which also included dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), and soft white spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Oat (Avena sativa L.) and timothy (Phleum pratense L.) were included in the longest 6-yr rotation. Conservation management incorporated reduced tillage, cover crops, feedlot manure compost addition, and solid-seeded dry bean. Compared with a 4-yr CONV rotation (52.2 Mg ha−1), sugar beet root yield (averaged over the second 6 yr of the study, 2006–2011) was significantly higher, by 11%, on 4- and 5-yr CONS rotations (57.7–57.9 Mg ha−1), and by 8% on a 6-yr CONS rotation (56.1 Mg ha−1). Sugar beet impurity parameters were significantly affected by rotation in, at most, 3 of 12 yr. However, averaged over the final 6 yr of the study (2006–2011), a significantly higher K concentration (impurity) was found with CONS (2108 mg kg−1) vs. CONV (1958 mg kg−1) management. Integrating CONS management practices into sugar beet rotations led to significant yield benefits while effects on sugar beet quality were minimal.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sugar beet response to rotation and conservation management in a 12-year irrigated study in southern Alberta

Larney

Nitschelm²,

Regitnig³

et al. 2016

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…Monitoring of soil properties during long-term soil management experiments provides information on changes leading to the greatest crop yield coupled with the fewest environmental impacts. The CONS management practices conferred advantages to dry bean yield (Larney et al 2015), potato yield, and disease incidence, notably a reduction in potato early dying (Larney et al 2016b), sugar beet yield (Larney et al 2016a), residue cover (Larney et al 2017), and weed pressure (Blackshaw et al 2015). Therefore, apart from a caveat regarding potential P loading, the CONS management package in this study could be validated as soil building with concomitant benefits to crop performance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The four CONS management practices on the CONS rotations (reduced tillage, cover crops, compost addition, and narrow-row dry bean) were outlined by Li et al (2015), and specifically as they related to dry bean (Larney et al 2015), potato (Larney et al 2016b), and sugar beet (Larney et al 2016a). The CONV rotations received none of these four practices.…”

Section: Conservation Management Practicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Herbicides, insecticides, and fungicides were used as required for adequate weed, insect, and disease control, with details provided by Larney et al (2015Larney et al ( , 2016aLarney et al ( , 2016b). All crops were irrigated using a wheel-move system to maintain soil water content at ≥50% field capacity.…”

Section: Crop Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mean annual irrigation amounts (n = 12) were 421 mm for potato, 333 mm for dry bean, 440 mm for sugar beet, 325 mm for wheat, 145 mm for oat, and 444 mm for timothy. Each fall, mature crops were harvested for yield and quality assessment as reported by Larney et al (2015Larney et al ( , 2016aLarney et al ( , 2016b. Oat on 6-CONS was harvested as silage in July, and timothy on 6-CONS was harvested in first (late June to mid-July) and second (September to early October) cuts.…”

Section: Crop Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil changes over 12 years of conventional vs. conservation management on irrigated rotations in southern Alberta

et al. 2017

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Increased irrigated production of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), and sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) in southern Alberta in the 1990s prompted a 12 yr (2000-2011) study to evaluate conservation (CONS) management practices for these crops in 3-6 yr rotations. Conservation management included reduced tillage, cover crops, compost, and narrow-row dry bean. After 12 yr, soil organic carbon (SOC) at 0-30 cm depth increased by 0.48 Mg ha −1 yr −1 on a 5 yr CONS rotation, in line with average cumulative compost addition of 154 Mg ha −1. In contrast, SOC stocks on a 3 yr conventional (CONV) rotation, which did not receive compost, declined by 0.25 Mg ha −1 yr −1. Nitrate-N did not accumulate in the soil profile under CONS management, as it was largely influenced by previous crop. In contrast, available P increased with compost addition under CONS management, leading to surface buildup and downward movement in the soil profile. At 0-120 cm depth, the CONS rotations showed 26%-53% higher available P than CONV rotations between 2005 and 2011. Apart from a caveat regarding potential P accrual, the CONS management package in this study was validated as soil building for irrigated cropping systems in southern Alberta.

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Assessing legacy effects of a 12‐year irrigated cropping systems study with a post‐hoc bioassay

Larney

Pearson

Blackshaw

et al. 2021

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

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A healthy soil resource is vital to the continued success of irrigated agriculture in southern Alberta. A 12‐yr (2000–2011) irrigated cropping systems study was followed with a dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) field bioassay in 2012, to assess legacy effects of preceding management. Specifically, a comparison of conventional (CONV) and conservation (CONS) management (reduced tillage, cover crops, compost addition, narrow‐row dry bean) legacies was sought. However, rotational legacies such as preceding phase, length, preceding crop, and interval since previous dry bean were also assessed by the fully phased experimental setup. Only 1 of 18 possible soil management contrasts (CONV vs. CONS, 2000–2011) was significant for the dry bean bioassay in 2012, despite overwhelming evidence of improved soil health (microbial biomass C and β‐glucosidase activity) under CONS management. Monoculture wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) from 2000 to 2011 led to 2 d earlier maturity and higher disease incidence in bioassay dry bean. With wheat as a preceding crop, bioassay dry bean was significantly shorter (4 cm), earlier maturing (2 d), and lower yielding (by 21–35%) than with dry bean, potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), or sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) as preceding crops, largely due to volunteer wheat competition. Significantly enhanced bioassay yields (9–13%) with shorter intervals since previous dry bean demonstrated a “legume effect.” Overall, the dry bean bioassay was less effective at assessing soil management legacies (CONV vs. CONS) than rotational legacies such as preceding crop or interval since previous dry bean.

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Conservation Management Practices and Rotations for Irrigated Dry Bean Production in Southern Alberta

Cited by 14 publications

References 39 publications

Sugar beet response to rotation and conservation management in a 12-year irrigated study in southern Alberta

Sugar beet response to rotation and conservation management in a 12-year irrigated study in southern Alberta

Soil changes over 12 years of conventional vs. conservation management on irrigated rotations in southern Alberta

Assessing legacy effects of a 12‐year irrigated cropping systems study with a post‐hoc bioassay

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