Conservation subdivisions: A wildlife perspective

Hostetler, Mark E.; Drake, David

doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2008.10.018

Cited by 54 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Within urban systems, the presence and adaptation of wildlife and conflict with humans (Luniak 2004, DeStefano and Degraaf 2003, Gehrt et al 2010) is a consequence of broadly shared resource needs (e.g., O'Donnell and DeNicola 2006, Hill et al 2007, Krester et al 2008, Hostetler and Drake 2009. For instance, residential land management (Lepczyk et al 2004b), intentional feeding (Fuller et al 2008), and presence of exotic species Soulé 1999, Baker et al 2005) may enable potential for conflict between humans and wildlife.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landscape characteristics affect animal control by urban residents

Morzillo

Schwartz

2011

Ecosphere

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Abstract. Ecological patterns exist within urban landscapes. Among urban patterns of biodiversity, species occurrences may coincide with interactions between humans and wildlife. However, research focused on consequences of human reaction to interactions with wildlife is limited. We evaluated landscape characteristics of rodent control behavior across two urban landscapes in California, Bakersfield, and in proximity to Santa Monica Mountain National Recreation Area (SAMO). Our data were collected prior to a recent policy ruling limiting distribution of particular rodent control products. In both locations, local biologists have observed non-target effects of rodent control products among local carnivores. Mice and rats were among the species most targeted in both locations, but squirrels and gophers also were common targets in SAMO. Carnivore species identified by biologists were among those also reported by residents as targeted for control. In both locations, those who reside in single-family structures and among lowerdensity development were more likely to practice rodent control. Species targeted varied by distance to open space in both locations, but by development density in SAMO only. In Bakersfield, control was distributed across the study area, but one cluster of control existed among mainly lower-density, singlefamily residences. In SAMO, clusters of both control (n ¼ 2) and chemical use (n ¼ 3) existed among singlefamily, lower-density areas in proximity to wash channels and relatively lush vegetation. Our results suggest possible pathways for contact between wildlife and rodent control products, but causal linkages between the two are beyond the scope of our data. Similar to other urban ecological processes, human responses to interactions with ecological phenomena may occur at both fine and landscape scales. Furthermore, our results suggest a possible feedback loop of interacting ecological and social phenomena that may provide information about human activities affecting urban wildlife populations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landscape characteristics affect animal control by urban residents

Morzillo

Schwartz

2011

Ecosphere

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“…Thus, careful management is needed to balance access to both backyards and public green spaces as cities grow. At the least it seems critical to include efforts to improve the ecological quality of backyards (e.g., Bryant 2006, Smith et al 2006a,b, Gaston et al 2007, Hostetler and Drake 2009, Goddard et al 2010) when increasing housing density to help mitigate declines in sensitive bird species, any reduction in backyard size, and people's potential lack of use or satisfaction with public green space.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maintaining experiences of nature as a city grows

Sushinsky¹,

Rhodes²,

Shanahan³

et al. 2017

E&S

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ABSTRACT. Experiences of nature contribute to human health and well-being, yet as the world's population continues to concentrate in towns and cities there is mounting concern that these experiences are diminishing. Despite this, little is known about how we can maintain experiences of nature as cities grow. Here, we quantify how people's opportunities to experience nature might change with future urban growth in the city of Brisbane, Australia. We simulated the addition of 84,642 houses under compact and sprawling growth scenarios and modeled changes in people's opportunities to experience nature by estimating changes in backyard size, public green space provision, and bird species richness close to households. We discovered that the form of urban growth could strongly influence people's opportunities to experience nature in a way that is highly nonrandom across the socioeconomic gradient. Under a sprawling pattern of development, with low residential densities and few interstitial green spaces, our models suggest severe declines in access to public green space and bird species richness around people's homes. These declines are predicted to be concentrated in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas of the city. Compact development leads to greater reductions in backyard size, but smaller declines in access to public green space and bird species richness. Our results point to a difficult trade-off; residential infill will maintain larger green spaces and higher overall bird diversity but reduce backyard sizes, impacting people's opportunities to experience nature in a different way. Careful planning is needed to balance the availability of public and private urban green spaces to ensure that the opportunities for people to experience nature are maintained as urbanization continues.

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“…Wildlife corridors in the centre of a city might be used by small animals and birds, whereas those closer to forests might be used by larger animals. The need for and efficiency of wildlife corridors have previously been discussed [24]- [26].…”

Section: Additional Requirements For Compact Citiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hostetler and Drakeb [26] indicated that it is important to explicitly distinguish between green spaces for humans and wildlife corridors when planning in urban areas. They also stated that it is essential to restore former vegetation when constructing wildlife corridors.…”

Section: Additional Requirements For Compact Citiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Need for Sustainability and Coexistence with Wildlife in a Compact City

Kawata¹

2014

IJESD

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Abstract-Recently, the underuse of wildlife and the increase in wildlife population due to decreased hunting have led to serious problems in both rural and urban areas. Traditional conservation methods are no longer applicable in such situations. The main purpose of this paper is, therefore, to explore ways to cope with increases in wildlife population and related issues, especially in urban areas. First, we present an overview of the current status of wildlife in urban areas, and examine why wildlife appears in cities. Then, after reviewing current expectations from compact cities through a comparison of Japan and western countries, we examine additional requirements for compact cities and depict possible future visions. Currently, the main objectives in establishing compact cities are sustainability and the prevention of population decline in local cities. We assert that when current cities are transformed into compact cities, consideration should be given to returning some space to wildlife whose habitats were altered when the cities were developed. We affirm that it is possible to ensure some space for wildlife. One possible use of reclaimed areas is as wildlife corridors, which should be distinguished from green space for residents. Former vegetation should be restored and continuous corridors secured, with recognition of the value of wildlife.

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Conservation subdivisions: A wildlife perspective

Cited by 54 publications

References 46 publications

Landscape characteristics affect animal control by urban residents

Landscape characteristics affect animal control by urban residents

Maintaining experiences of nature as a city grows

Need for Sustainability and Coexistence with Wildlife in a Compact City

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