Considering the Effect of <i>Rosa damascena</i> Mill. Essential Oil on Oxidative Stress and <i>COX-2</i> Gene Expression in the Liver of Septic Rats

Abstract

Sepsis, tüm dünyada yüksek ölüm oranına sahip klinik bir hastalıktır. Oksidatif stres sepsiste ortaya çıkan önemli bir olgu olarak kabul edilir. Rosa damascena Mill., farmakolojik aktiviteleri yüksek olan eski bir bitkidir. Gereç ve Yöntemler:Standart bir model olarak çekal ligasyon ve ponksiyon (CLP), sıçanlarda sepsis oluşturmak için kullanılmıştır. Erkek yetişkin sıçanlar rastgele 5 gruba ayrılmıştır. R. damascena uçucu yağları (50 ve 100 mg/kg) 14 gün boyunca oral yolla verilmiş ve 15. günde CLP uygulanmıştır. Yirmi dört saat sonra, plazma plazma prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) ve COX-2 ekspresyonu ile birlikte oksidatif stres (MPO, MDA, GSH, GST ve FRAP) ve biyokimyasal parametreleri [alkalen fosfataz, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanin transaminaz (ALT) ve bilirubin] ölçmek için kan örnekleri ve karaciğer dokuları çıkarılmıştır. ÖZObjectives: Sepsis is a clinical illness with a high rate of mortality all over the world. Oxidative stress is considered the main phenomenon that occurs in sepsis. Rosa damascena Mill. is an ancient herbal plant with high pharmacological activities. Materials and Methods: Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) as a standard model was used to induce sepsis in rats. Male adult rats were randomly divided into 5 groups. Different doses of R. damascena essential oil (50 and 100 mg/kg.bw) were gavaged orally for 14 days and on day 15 CLP was performed. After 24 h, blood samples and liver tissues were removed in order to measure oxidative stress [myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase, and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP)] and biochemical parameters [alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and bilirubin] together with plasma prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) and COX-2 expression. Results: The essential oil was capable of modulating all of the oxidative stress, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory parameters induced by CLP as characterized by elevations in MPO and MDA levels as well as increases in AST and ALT concentrations concomitant with PGE 2 and COX-2 increments. The antioxidant defense system such as GSH and FRAP was also increased in the essential oil treated groups. Conclusion: Our results showed that the essential oil has antioxidative and hepatoprotective activities through reducing the oxidative injury in sepsis caused by CLP.

Fermented soybean meal extract improves oxidative stress factors in the lung of inflammation/infection animal model

“…Studies showed that active peptides with antioxidative and immunomodulatory properties produced during the fermentation process (Korhonen and Pihlanto 2003;Sachindra and Bhaskar 2008). Moreover, our results are in conjunction with other studies, which showed that CLP could alter the level of antioxidant enzyme in liver and lung tissues, while pretreatment with Rosa damascena and Mentha longifolia essential oils could modulate the level of MPO, GSH, and LP (Dadkhah et al 2018(Dadkhah et al , 2019.…”

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Deuterium-Depleted Water plus Rosa damascene Mill. Essential Oil via Cyclooxygenase-2 Pathway in Rats

“…radical scavenging effects of phenolic compounds and flavonoids presented in the oils. Our current study indicated the in vivo anti-inflammatory activities of Rosa damascena essential oils may be associated with their antioxidant compounds namely citranellol, trans geraniol and phenylethyl alcohol as the main constituents of the essential oils which proved antioxidant activities by DPPH and β-carotene/linoleic acid bleaching assays 8. Previous study also revealed that the essential oil of rosemary containing antioxidant compounds has a strong antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities by modulating the malondialdehyde (MDA) and GSH levels and also catalase (CAT), peroxidase (Px), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR) activities.…”

“…significantly affect oxidative stress/antioxidant parameters and detoxifying enzymes as well as COX-2 gene expression. 8 There is also an evidence indicating the hepatoprotective activity of deuterium depleted water against acetaminophen. 7 Following this, the present study was designed to consider, for the first time, the therapeutic efficacy of DDWs and DDWs plus RD against liver injury induced by CLP in septic rats.…”

“…Regarding to the importance of septic treatment, studies confirmed that the main role of antioxidants in reducing the tissue damages due to scavenge the free radicals 8,[42][43][44] . To confirm, our results demonstrated that the administration of DDWs and DDWs plus RD were effective in sepsis treatment, where the levels of LP, MPO and GSH returned to the normal levels.…”

“…essential oils with main chemical compositions; citranellol (66.11 %), transgeraniol (11.56 %), and phenylethyl alcohol (5.33 %) had antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in sepsis model. 8 R. damascena Mill. belonging to the family of Roseaceae 9 , is one of the most valuable sources of flavors and fragrances worldwide which possessed some applications in medicine and food industry.…”