Constrained coordinated distributed control of smart grid with asynchronous information exchange

Abstract

Smart grid constrained optimal control is a complex issue due to the constant growth of grid complexity and the large volume of data available as input to smart device control. In this context, traditional centralized control paradigms may suffer in terms of the timeliness of optimization results due to the volume of data to be processed and the delayed asynchronous nature of the data transmission. To address these limits of centralized control, this paper presents a coordinated, distributed algorithm based on distributed, local controllers and a central coordinator for exchanging summarized global state information. The proposed model for exchanging global state information is resistant to fluctuations caused by the inherent interdependence between local controllers, and is robust to delays in information exchange. In addition, the algorithm features iterative refinement of local state estimations that is able to improve local controller ability to operate within network constraints. Application of the proposed coordinated, distributed algorithm through simulation shows its effectiveness in optimizing a global goal within a complex distribution system operating under constraints, while ensuring network operation stability under varying levels of information exchange delay, and with a range of network sizes.

Fully distributed control to coordinate charging efficiencies for energy storage systems

“…Step 3: In the second layer, the optimal solution of (12) is obtained and the pinning consensus value is preset depending on q _ Ã C as in (19).…”

“…2) Pinning-based fully DCC in the second layer: in the second layer, using the optimization solution from (19), the pinning consensus value is preset as q _ Ã C ¼ 0:3065. Then, all the MCCs converge to the predefined pinning consensus value asymptotically according to the synchronization process defined in (19), as shown in Fig.…”

“…Additionally, the partially distributed scheme, which uses a leader agent to gather information from all of the other local agents and sum it to obtain global information, raises similar concerns about system performance and reliability when possible malfunctions and attacks occur at the leader agent [18]. Advantages of a fully distributed scheme include the ability to survive uncertain disturbances and decentralized data updating, which leads to efficient information sharing and eventually a faster decision-making process and operation [19][20][21][22].…”

“…Inspired from the two-layer consensus-based fully distributed method and the coordination of ESSs [10,[19][20][21][22], this study proposes a novel distributed coordination control (DCC) for ADSs that achieves the same performance as standard centralized hierarchical ADS control. As the most distinguishing features of this work, the two-layer consensus algorithm and pinning based DCC are systematically studied in this study.…”

Asynchronous consensus for optimal power flow control in smart grid with zero power mismatch

“…Distributed approaches have been presented in the literature and often utilize features of network structure to make approximations, for example through decomposition of the network sensitivity matrix in CrossCheck date: 2 November 2017 order to form independent regions [2]. The disadvantage of utilizing completely independent regions in such approaches is that solutions are reached without considering full network state and they are prone to oscillations due to competition between controllers [3]. Hierarchical solutions, where a central coordinator takes on a leadership role, can overcome these problems by forming a multi-agent system (MAS).…”