Construction 4.0: A Literature Review

Abstract

The construction industry is experiencing changes in its processes and work methods, and the advancement of new technologies in recent decades has led to a new concept known as Construction 4.0, coined in 2016 in Germany. Since its definition is still diffuse, it was deemed necessary to conduct a review on the publications in this field to grasp how this concept is being understood. For that purpose, a bibliometric analysis was conducted among 260 research articles using seven keywords. The results reveal that the number of publications is growing exponentially, with the USA, the UK, and China being leaders in this field; besides, four technologies are essential to understand Construction 4.0 at present time: 3D printing, big data, virtual reality, and Internet of Things. The results of this review suggest that further reviews should be conducted every 3 years to grasp the rapid evolution of Construction 4.0.

VirtualCPR: Virtual Reality Mobile Application for Training in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Techniques

“…Definitions in the field of virtual reality are constantly changing as it is a recent technology, the following two definitions are the most common: Virtual reality consists of systems that use computer-generated scenarios to simulate interactions between the user and a virtual environment in real time, defined by Forcael et al in [ 24 ]. Virtual reality is the technology that provides an almost real and credible experience in a synthetic or virtual way.…”

“…Virtual reality consists of systems that use computer-generated scenarios to simulate interactions between the user and a virtual environment in real time, defined by Forcael et al in [ 24 ].…”

Remote Indoor Construction Progress Monitoring Using Extended Reality

“…In the Construction processes, the term 'sustainability' connotes 'efficiency' that considers as the key aspect, integrating building automation system in construction activities, including progress monitoring to reduce workforce, increase efficiency, create a healthier and safer environment by minimizing the physical interaction between inspectors and workers in the job-site [1,4]. In more detail, a point cloud is applied for different phases with various targets, including planning and design, manufacturing and construction, and operation and maintenance.…”

“…The construction industry has devoted significant efforts toward sustainable construction by utilizing automation and vision technologies [1,2]. Especially, Construction progress monitoring has been leveraged to increase accuracy and time efficiency [3,4].…”

“…Considerable amounts of these buildings are small construction projects. Inspection and continue monitoring of this considerable number of projects consume a lot of manpower, time, data management, and travel between sites which will cause pollution, energy and economic loss, and higher risk [1,9]. Therefore, remote monitoring of multiple activities at the same time using extended reality technologies might reduce the number of inspectors needed [11].…”